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| United States Patent |
6,218,052
|
|
Wang
|
April 17, 2001
|
Electrolyte solution of high-capacity storage battery and producing method
thereof
Abstract
The invention provides an electrolyte solution, a producing method thereof,
and a method for producing high-capacity lead-acid storage battery. The
electrolyte is composed of ET-90 stabilizator (1.5-9.6%), nickel sulphate
(0.005-0.04%), cobalt sulphate (0.003-0.025%), aluminium sulphate
(2-4.8%), sodium sulphate (1.3-3.7%), aluminium phosphate (2-6.3%),
lithium iodide (0.090-0.3%), colloidal silicon dioxide (silica gel)
(17.6-24%), lithium chloride (0.09-0.31%), lithium carbonate (1.3-5%),
magnesium sulphate (1.2-5.9%), sulfuric acid (analytically pure)
(7-11.6%), and pure water (39-60%)
| Inventors:
|
Wang; Wanxi (5 A, No. 2552, Deshengmenyai Xi Da Jie, Haidian District, Beijing, CN)
|
| Appl. No.:
|
202103 |
| Filed:
|
July 7, 1999 |
| PCT Filed:
|
June 19, 1996
|
| PCT NO:
|
PCT/CN96/00044
|
| 371 Date:
|
July 7, 1999
|
| 102(e) Date:
|
July 7, 1999
|
| PCT PUB.NO.:
|
WO97/49139 |
| PCT PUB. Date:
|
December 24, 1997 |
| Current U.S. Class: |
429/302; 429/204; 429/205; 429/225 |
| Intern'l Class: |
H01M 010/10 |
| Field of Search: |
429/204,205,225,302
252/62.2
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
| 3751304 | Aug., 1973 | Biddick et al. | 136/158.
|
| 5738956 | Apr., 1998 | Komoda | 429/198.
|
| 5780183 | Jul., 1998 | Komoda | 429/198.
|
| Foreign Patent Documents |
| 1049427A | Feb., 1991 | CN.
| |
| 1056019 | Nov., 1991 | CN.
| |
| 0669676 | Aug., 1995 | EP.
| |
| 1-186572 | Jul., 1989 | JP | .
|
Other References
Yuhua, L., International Search Report, Mar. 6, 1997, pp. 1-2.
Abstract of CN 1093495 A, Liu et al., Oct. 1994.*
Meissner, J. Power Sources, vol. 67, Issue 1-2, pp. 135-150, Jul. 1997.
|
Primary Examiner: Chaney; Carol
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Jenkens & Gilchrist, P.C.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte, comprising the
following raw material as components:
TBL
ET-90 stabilizer 1.5 .about. 9.6%
Nickel sulfate 0.005 .about. 0.04%
Cobalt sulfate 0.003 .about. 0.025%
Aluminium sulfate 2 .about. 4.8%
Sodium sulfate 1.3 .about. 3.7%
Aluminium phosphate 2 .about. 6.3%
Lithium iodide 0.09 .about. 0.3%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 17.6 .about. 24%
Lithium chloride 0.09 .about. 0.31%
Lithium carbonate 1.3 .about. 5%
Magnesium sulfate 1.2 .about. 5.9%
Sulfuric acid (A.R. grade) 7 .about. 11.6%
Pure water 39 .about. 60%
2. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte according to claim
1, characterized in that the proportioning of the raw materials used as
component in said ET-90 stabilizer is below:
TBL
High purity water 82 .about. 91%
Sodium silicate (A.R. grade) 7 .about. 10%
Sodium sulfate 2 .about. 8%
3. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte according to claim 1
or, characterized in that said pure water used has a temperature of
20.about.40.degree. C., and has a resistivity of
10.times.10.sup.6.about.20.times.10.sup.6 Ohm/cm when being fresh.
4. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte according to claim 1
or 2, characterized in that it comprises the following raw materials as
component:
TBL
ET-90 stabilizer 2 .about. 8%
Nickel sulfate 0.017 .about. 0.02%
Cobalt sulfate 0.005 .about. 0.01%
Aluminium sulfate 3 .about. 4%
Sodium sulfate 2 .about. 3%
Aluminium phosphate 4 .about. 4.5%
Lithium iodide 0.15 .about. 0.2%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 19.5 .about. 20%
Lithium chloride 0.15 .about. 0.2%
Lithium carbonate 2.5 .about. 3%
Magnesium sulfate 3 .about. 5%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 9.5 .about. 10%
Pure water 47.9 .about. 52.7%
5. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte according to claim
4, characterized in that said pure water used has a temperature of
20.about.40.degree. C., and has a resistivity of
10.times.10.sup.6.about.20.times.10.sup.6 Ohm/cm when being fresh.
6. A method for producing a high-energy lead-acid storage battery
electrolyte, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
a). preparing a high polymer catalyst by diluting nickel sulfate, cobalt
sulfate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, aluminum phosphate, lithium
iodide, lithium carbonate, magnesium sulfate and lithium chloride with
high-purity water respectively, letting them touch, mix, and dissolve by
stirring, till the resulting mixture being emulsified;
b). diluting silica sol with high-purity water to reach a specific weight
of 1.015.about.1.04;
c). passing the obtained solution in step b) through a cationic exchange
column, an anionic exchange column, and a mixed anionic and cationic resin
exchange column, then entering into a reactor, adjusting the pH value of
the obtained solution to pH=8.about.14 with ET-90 stabilizer, and then
concentrating the resulting solution;
d). heating the obtained solution in step c) to a temperature of
70.about.80.degree. C., then adding sulfuric acid (A.R. grade) into it
with stirring;
e). adding the high polymer catalyst to the above-said solution, dissolving
by sufficiently touching and mixing by homogeneously stirring the
resulting mixture, then heating the reactor, emulsifying the solution by
introducing a emulsifier to form a paste, thereby obtaining the
high-energy battery electrolyte.
7. A method for producing the high-energy lead-acid storage battery
electrolyte according to claim 6, characterized in that in said step a),
nickel sulfate, cobalt sulfate, aluminum sulfate, sodium sulfate, aluminum
phosphate, lithium iodide, lithium carbonate, magnesium sulfate and
lithium chloride are diluted with high-purity water respectively to reach
a specific weight of 1.015.about.1.04; then are dissolved by sufficiently
touching and mixing by homogeneously stirring and continuously stirring
till the resulting mixture being emulsified to give a high polymer
catalyst.
8. A method for producing the high-energy lead-acid storage battery
electrolyte according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that in said step
c), said solution is passed in series through a cationic exchange column,
from where the pH becomes 3.about.4; an anionic exchange column, from
where the pH becomes 7.about.8; and a mixed anionic and cationic resin
exchange column, and then introduced into a reactor, where the pH value of
the resulting solution is adjusted to 8.about.14 with ET-90 stabilizer,
and then the resulting solution is concentrated to reach a specific weight
of 1.01.about.1.09 at room temperature.
9. A method for producing the high-energy lead-acid storage battery
electrolyte according to claim 8, characterized in that in said step c),
said solution is passed through a cationic exchange column, from where the
pH becomes 3.about.4; an anionic exchange column, from where the pH
becomes 7.about.8; and a mixed anionic and cationic resin exchange column,
then introduced into a reactor, where the pH value of the resulting
solution is adjusted to 9.about.11 with ET-90 stabilizer, and then the
resulting solution is concentrated to reach a specific weight of
1.03.about.1.05 at room temperature.
10. A method for producing a high-energy lead-acid storage battery,
characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
a). soaking a new dry-state lead-acid storage battery in pure water to make
its electrode plates filly absorb water till saturated;
b). pouring out the pure water from the battery, then adding immediately
the battery electrolyte prepared according to claim 6;
c). discharging the battery with its corresponding load to reduce the
voltage of the battery to less than 6V, thereby forming a high-energy
battery.
11. A method for producing a high-energy lead-acid storage battery
according to claim 10, characterized in that in said step a), a new
dry-state lead-acid storage battery is added into pure water having a
temperature of about 20.about.45.degree. C., soaking therein for about 1
hour to let its electrode plates absorb water molecules fully till
saturation; and
in step c), 3.about.4 minutes later after step b), the battery is
discharged with its corresponding load to reduce the voltage of the
battery to less than 6V, thereby a high-energy battery is formed.
12. A method for producing a high-energy lead-acid storage battery
according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that it further comprises a
step:
d). charging the obtained high-energy storage battery at a suitable current
with a high and constant current pulse charger till the temperature rises
to 69.degree. C., which indicates the battery is fully charged.
13. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery comprising electrode rods,
rubber plugs, a shell body, electrode plates and top caps, characterized
in that it further comprises a high-energy lead-acid storage battery
electrolyte according to claim 1.
14. A high-energy lead-acid storage battery according to claim 13,
characterized in that it further comprises a thermometer for measuring the
temperature of the electrolyte in said high-energy lead-acid storage
battery.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a battery electrolyte and a method for
producing the same, more particularly, to a high-energy lead-acid storage
battery electrolyte and a method for producing said battery electrolyte.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In a common lead-acid storage battery, generally, anode is made of lead
dioxide and cathode is made of lead, and the battery electrolyte is a
sulfuric acid electrolyte. When connected with an external load, the
battery will discharge to generate an electrical current; the reactions on
electrodes are as follows:
Anode: PbO.sub.2 +SO.sub.4.sup.2 31 4H.sup.+ 2e.fwdarw.PbO.sub.4 +2H.sub.2
O
Cathode: Pb+SO.sub.4.sup.2.fwdarw.PbSO.sub.4 +2e
Thus, lead dioxide on the anode is converted to lead sulfate, and lead on
the cathode is also converted to lead sulfate. Once lead sulfate is
formed, it will adliere to electrodes because of its extreme insolubility.
The total chemical reaction of the discharging process is:
Pb+2H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 +PbO.sub.2.fwdarw.2PbSO.sub.4 +2H.sub.2 O
The voltage of a single cell of the battery is 2.04V. During discharging,
the amount of sulfuric acid in the battery electrolyte decreases, and the
amount of water increases.
When connected with an external power source, the battery is charged, the
electric current passes through the battery backward, the reactions on the
two electrodes are carried out just in a reverse direction to that when
discharging, lead and lead dioxide are formed by the reaction of lead
sulfate on the anode and cathode respectively, and adhere to their
respective electrodes, and water is absorbed. The battery comes back to
its initial state. The chemical reaction is taken place as follows:
2PbSO.sub.4 +2H.sub.2 O.fwdarw.Pb+2H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 +PbO.sub.2
The water is electrolyzed simultaneously while the battery is charged, as a
result, the water is electrolyzed to hydrogen and oxygen which are then
released. The following reactions are taken place:
Anode: 4OH.sup.-.fwdarw.2H.sub.2 O+O.sub.2 +4e
Cathode: 2H.sup.+ +2e.fwdarw.H.sub.2
The extent of such reactions depends upon the conditions of charging. The
reactions would be enhanced when charging is about to complete.
Thus, water must be added frequently during the electrolyzing process in
order to make up for the consumption of water, and charging must proceed
with caution to prevent hydrogen released in battery from burning and
explosion in the air.
At present, the colloidal electrolyte in a lead-acid storage battery is
generally prepared by mixing a sodium silicate solution with a sulfuric
acid solution. This electrolyte is convenient for use, maintenance,
storage and transport, as it is in a colloid state and hardly flows. In
addition, the colloidal electrolyte can protect the active subatance from
stripping away from electrodes, thus the service life of the battery can
be prolonged for more than 20%. However, the internal resistance of a
colloidal electrolyte is higher than that of a sulfuric acid electrolyte,
thus, the internal resistance of this storage battery is increased and the
capacity is reduced.
Swiss Patent No.391807 discloses a lead-acid storage battery with
thixtropic colloidal electrolyte. Chinese Patent Application under
publication No. 1056019 also discloses a high-capacity colloidal
electrolyte and a method for producing the same. Though the colloidal
electrolyte and the lead-acid storage battery having a colloidal
electrolyte can reduce solution evaporation, percolation and corrosion, to
the technical problems in lead-acid storage battery have not been solved
completely, and the capacity has not been increased.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to provide a high-energy lead-acid
storage battery electrolyte, which is not only safe and reliable in use,
is but also nonpollution to the environment, effective to inhibit gas
forming, and can prevent the battery electrode plates from sulphurization,
and prolong the battery service life and, more importantly, increase the
capacity of lead-acid storage battery by about 30.about.100%.
The electrolyte according to the present invention comprises mainly the
following raw materials as components(by weight):
ET-90 stabilizer 1.5 .about. 9.6%
Nickel sulfate 0.005 .about. 0.04%
Cobalt sulfate 0.003 .about. 0.025%
Aluminium sulfate 2 .about. 4.8%
Sodium sulfate 1.3 .about. 3.7%
Aluminium phosphate 2 .about. 6.3%
Lithium iodide 0.09 .about. 0.3%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 17.6 .about. 24%
Lithium chloride 0.09 .about. 0.31%
Lithium carbonate 1.3 .about. 5%
Magnesium sulfate 1.2 .about. 5.9%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 7 .about. 11.6%
Pure water 39 .about. 60%
wherein said ET-90 comprises:
High purity water 82 .about. 91%
Sodium silicate (A.R. grade) 7 .about. 10%
Sodium sulfate 2 .about. 8%
The preferred proportioning of said components in the electrolyte is as
follows:
ET-90 stabilizer 2 .about. 8%
Nickel sulfate 0.017 .about. 0.02%
Cobalt sulfate 0.005 .about. 0.01%
Aluminium sulfate 3 .about. 4%
Sodium sulfate 2 .about. 3%
Aluminium phosphate 4 .about. 4.5%
Lithium iodide 0.15 .about. 0.2%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 19.5 .about. 20%
Lithium chloride 0.15 .about. 0.2%
Lithium carbonate 2.5 .about. 3%
Magnesium sulfate 3 .about. 5%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 9.5 .about. 10%
Pure water 47.9 .about. 52.7%
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a
high-energy lead-acid storage battery electrolyte (hereinafter referred to
as type high-energy battery electrolyte) which can be obtained by using a
given ratio of the raw materials stated above according to the following
steps:
a). preparing a high polymer catalyst which is formed by diluting nickel
sulfate, cobalt sulfate, aluminium sulfate, sodium sulfate, aluminium
phosphate, lithium iodide, lithium carbonate, magnesium sulfate and
lithium chloride with high-purity water respectively to a specific weight
of 1.015.about.1.04, letting them touch, mix, dissolve and carry out
reactions by stirring till the resulting mixture being emulsified;
b). diluting the silica sol with high-purity water to a specific weight of
1.015.about.1.04;
c). passing the obtained solution in step b) through a cationic exchange
column, from where the pH becomes 3-4; an anionic exchange column, from
where the pH becomes 7-8; and a mixed anionic and cationic resin exchange
column, then entering into a reactor, adjusting the pH value of the
obtained solution to pH=8.about.14 with ET-90 stabilizer to reach a
specific weight of 1.01.about.1.09 at room temperature, and then
concentrating the resulting solution;
d). heating the obtained solution in step c) to a temperature of
70.about.80.degree. C., then adding sulfuric acid (A.R. grade) into it
with stirring;
e). adding the high polymer catalyst to said solution, dissolving it by
touching, stirring and mixing the resulting mixture homogeneously, then
heating the reactor, emulsifying the solution by introducing an emulsifier
to form a paste, thereby obtaining a high-energy storage battery
electrolyte.
A further object of the invention is to provide a method for producing a
high-energy lead-acid storage battery (hereinafter referred to as a
high-energy battery), which can be obtained by adding said battery
electrolyte according to the present invention to a dry-state battery
according to the following steps:
a). soaking a new dry-state lead-acid storage battery in pure water to let
its electrode plates fully absorb water till saturated;
b). pouring out the pure water from the battery, then adding immediately
the battery electrolyte prepared according to the present invention;
c). discharging the battery with its corresponding load to reduce the
voltage of the battery to less than 6V, thereby forming a high-energy
battery.
Further another object of the present invention is to provide a high-energy
lead-acid storage battery(hereinafter referred to as a high-energy
battery), which has the advantages of high-capacity, compact size and long
service life, as well as rapid charging, low charging consumption, and
also adaptability to heavy current discharging.
The battery according to the present invention mainly comprises electrode
rods, rubber plugs, a shell body, electrode plates, top caps and a
high-energy battery electrolyte according to the present invention.
The structure of the battery of the present invention is described in
combination with the accompanied drawing below.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANIED DRAWING
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the high-energy battery
according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION
The principle according to the present invention is that the high polymer
structure of said high-energy battery electrolyte can heighten the
discharging velocity and cause the free ionic reactants to move toward and
collide with the high polymer to produce a very high collision frequency
and, along with the continuous increase in the amount of high polymers,
the catalytic reaction is prompted.
A simplified formulaic representation of the polymer structure of said
high-energy battery electrolyte is as follows:
--(HnX)--(HnX)--(HnX)--(HnX)--(HnX)--
wherein
n represents the quantity of hydrogen atoms;
X represents the ionic species attached to the polymer backbone of the
high-energy battery electrolyte and capable of participation in
electrochemical reactions of the electrolyte.
The high-energy battery electrolyte is a very strong electrolyte, when the
pH value is very low, "H" in the above-said formula represents a hydrogen
ion. If it is a high polymeric electrolyte, the reactions between the
electrolyte and the electrode plates will form synthetic products on the
surface of electrode plates. The reactions between the ionic species of
the high-energy battery electrolyte and the electrode plates are as
follows:
Anode: mPb+X.sup.n-.fwdarw.Pb.sub.m X+ne
Cathode: mPbO.sub.2 +X.sup.n- +2nH.sup.+ +ne.fwdarw.Pb.sub.m X+nH.sub.2 O
I.e.,
##STR1##
EXAMPLE 1
In the example 1, the proportioning of various raw materials for producing
the 2000 type electrolyte was as follows:
ET-90 stabilizer 4.1%.
Nickel sulfate 0.025%
Cobalt sulfate 0.015%.
Aluminum sulfate 3.1%
Sodium sulfate 2.1%
Aluminium phosphate 5.8%
Lithium iodide 0.1%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 21.6%
Lithium chloride 0.14%
Lithium carbonate 2.7%
Magnesium sulfate 4.6%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 8.2%
Pure water 47.52%
EXAMPLE 2
In Example 2, the proportioning of various raw materials for producing the
high-energy battery electrolyte was as follows:
ET-90 stabilizer 1.7%
Nickel sulfate 0.02%
Cobalt sulfate 0.01%
Aluminium sulfate 4.2%
Sodium sulfate 1.7%
Aluminium phosphate 4.2%
Lithium iodide 0.18%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 19.9%
Lithium chloride 0.16%
Lithium carbonate 1.7%
Magnesium sulfate 2.8%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 9.5%
Pure water 53.93%
EXAMPLE 3
In the example 3, the proportioning of various raw materials for producing
the high-energy battery electrolyte was as follows:
ET-90 stabilizer 9.4%
Nickel sulfate 0.035%
Cobalt sulfate 0.005%
Aluminium sulfate 2.3%
Sodium sulfate 2.9%
Aluminium phosphate 3.6%
Lithium iodide 0.22%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 18.4%
Lithium chloride 0.23%
Lithium carbonate 3.4%
Magnesium sulfate 1.6%
Sulfuric acid (A.R grade) 8.37%
Pure water 49.54%
EXAMPLE 4
In the example 4, the proportioning of various raw materials for producing
the high-energy battery electrolyte was as follows:
ET-90 stabilizer 5.6%
Nickel sulfate 0.009%
Cobalt sulfate 0.021%
Aluminium sulfate 3.4%
Sodium sulfate 3.5%
Aluminium phosphate 2.8%
Lithium iodide 0.29%
Colloidal silica (silica sol) 23.1%
Lithium chloride 0.29%
Lithium carbonate 4.85%
Magnesium sulfate 5.4%
Sulfuric acid (A.R. grade) 11.24%
Pure water 39.5%
EXAMPLE 5
The high-energy lead-acid storage battery of the present invention can be
produced by adding the electrolyte according to the present invention into
a conventional dry-state battery.
A typical dry-state battery as shown in FIG. 1 comprises electrode rods and
rubber plugs 1, a shell body 2, electrode plates 3 and top caps 4, all of
which are known to those skilled in the art. Besides, the storage battery
according to the present invention may further include a thermometer 5 for
indicating the temperature of the battery electrolyte 6 therein.
Addition of the high-energy battery electrolyte according to the present
invention to a dry-state battery as shown in FIG. 1 was carried out
according to the following steps:
a). soaking a new dry-state lead-acid storage battery in pure water at
normal temperature for about 1 hour to let its electrode plates fully
absorb water till saturated;
b). pouring out the pure water from the battery, then adding immediately
the battery electrolyte prepared according to the present invention,
c). after 3-4 minutes, discharging the battery with its corresponding load
to reduce the voltage of the battery to less than 6V, thereby obtaining a
high-energy battery;
d). charging the obtained high-energy storage battery at a corresponding
current with a high and constant current pulse charger till the
temperature rises to 69.degree. C., which indicates that the battery is
fully charged.
The battery electrolyte prepared in the above-said examples was added to a
dry-state battery, thus a high-energy storage battery was obtained.
Comparing it with to the batteries available from market for performance,
the results are shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Comparison between
high-energy battery and other batteries on properties
Common lead- high-energy Ni/Cd Zn/Ag
Battery/ acid storage storage storage storage
Property battery battery battery battery
Energy 20 .about. 34 up to 150 20 .about. 30 130 .about. 150
(kw.h/ton) (domestic
made)
20 .about. 60
(imported)
Service Life 1 .about. 1.5 5 times 3 .about. 4 10 .about. 15
(years) (domestic that of
made) common
1 .about. 3 lead-acid
(imported) storage
battery
Shelf life after 3 months 10 years -- --
filled with
electrolyte
Gas released large 10% of that -- --
quantity released by
common
lead-acid
storage
battery
Daily needs Free of free of free of
maintenance frequently to maintenance maintenance maintenance
and service adjust acidity and service service
and charge service
Charging about 10 about 3 about 10 about 10
time, (hr.)
Discharging Unallowable allowable allowable allowable
at a
large current
Internal 0.35 0.05 -- --
resistance
(Ohm)
Self- severe, 0.4%/month 15%/ 15%/
discharging about 30%/ month month
situation month
Final voltage 1.75 non 1.0 1.0
(V/single cell)
Temperature in >-18 >-40 -- --
use (.degree.C.)
Destructive tests were carried out at a one-hour rate for a NX110-5 type of
storage battery filled with the electrolyte of high-energy battery
according to the present invention and for a NX110-5 type of storage
battery filled with a sulfuric acid electrolyte. The results and relative
parameters are shown in Table 2 below:
TABLE 2
Results of discharging tests for NX110-5 type of storage
battery at a one-hour rate
Item
Volt-
age Discharging Internal Condition
electro- non- Voltage current under resistance Final of
lyte load load load of battery voltage electrode
solution (V) (V) (A) (Ohm) (V) plate
Sulfuric 12.4 5.74 100 0.35 10.5 bending
acid and
electro- deformed,
lyte scrapped
High 12.67 10.85 100 0.05 non in good
energy condition,
battery no
electro- change
lyte
From the above tables, it can be seen that said battery electrolyte
according to the present invention has the following prominent features:
1). Inhibiting effectively the formation of gas and minimizing hydrogen
release so as to prevent the environmental pollution;
2). Being safe and reliable to use, uninflammable and unexplosive;
3). Preventing the electrode plates of the battery from sulphurization, and
having a good protective effect on the electrode plates, thus prolonging
the service life of battery by a factor of 400% with respect to a sulfuric
acid electrolyte;
4). Having a shelf life up to 10 years when it is injected into the
battery, and more than 15 years in store;
5). Increasing the energy of a lead-acid storage battery by a factor of
30.about.150%.
Compared with different types of lead-acid storage batteries of prior art,
the storage battery according to the present invention has the following
prominent features:
1). Having a high energy up to or over 150 kw.h/ton, which is closed to or
even higher than that of a zinc/silver battery;
2). Having compact size, lighter weight and longer service life;
3). Rapid charging, lower charging consumption, and reducing power
consumption by about 70%;
4). Suitable for discharging at heavy current, nearly zero internal
resistance, and very low self-discharging rate, which is only about
0.4%/month; and
5). Having no final voltage.
The storage battery according to the present invention can not only be used
as a power source for electromobiles, but also for igniting, pulling and
storing solar energy and as an emergency electric power source and so on.
Though we have described the embodiments according to the present invention
in combination with the examples, various modifications and improvements
may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing
from the spirit and essence of the present invention, but will be still
within the scope of the claims appended hereinafter.
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