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United States Patent |
6,087,310
|
Henkel
|
July 11, 2000
|
Skin cleaning compositions and uses comprising a polymer latex emulsion
Abstract
The present invention relates to cleaning compositions that are suitable
for removing dirt, grease and oils from the hands, or other skin surfaces,
without the need for additional water, or other solvent. Additionally, the
cleaning compositions of this invention allow for cleaning without the
need for subsequent rinsing or subsequent drying, by towel or other means.
This invention also relates to methods of cleaning hands, or other skin
surfaces, using the cleaning compositions of this invention.
Inventors:
|
Henkel; Herbert W. (East Hanover, NJ)
|
Assignee:
|
Castrol Limited (Swindon, GB)
|
Appl. No.:
|
158851 |
Filed:
|
September 23, 1998 |
Current U.S. Class: |
510/138; 510/130; 510/137; 510/139 |
Intern'l Class: |
A61K 007/50; C11D 007/50 |
Field of Search: |
510/120,130,137,122,138,139
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
3862906 | Jan., 1975 | Chambon et al. | 252/117.
|
4158543 | Jun., 1979 | Orlowski | 8/137.
|
5002680 | Mar., 1991 | Schmidt et al. | 252/90.
|
5259984 | Nov., 1993 | Hull | 252/174.
|
5538663 | Jul., 1996 | Kihara et al. | 510/395.
|
5658577 | Aug., 1997 | Fowler et al. | 424/401.
|
5720961 | Feb., 1998 | Fowler et al. | 424/401.
|
5753245 | May., 1998 | Fowler et al. | 424/401.
|
Foreign Patent Documents |
272099 | Sep., 1989 | DE.
| |
Other References
Packaging from "Clean Hands America", Clean Hands Marketing Inc.
Chatsworth, CA 91313, Made in France, probable date 1996. *NMA.
|
Primary Examiner: Ogden; Necholus
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McAndrews, Held & Malloy, Ltd.
Claims
We claim:
1. A composition suitable for cleaning skin, comprising from about 50% to
about 80% by weight of a polymer latex emulsion, an organosilicon
compound, an emollient, a surfactant, and water.
2. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, further comprising an
abrasive.
3. The cleaning composition according to claim 2, wherein the abrasive is
pumice.
4. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, further comprising at
least one component selected from the group consisting of: preservatives,
fragrances and thickeners.
5. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning
composition is a lotion, cream, aerosol, foam or mousse.
6. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, further comprising a
propellant.
7. The cleaning composition according to claim 6, wherein the propellant is
a hydrocarbon propellant.
8. The cleaning composition according to claim 6, further comprising a
corrosion inhibitor.
9. The cleaning composition according to claim 6, comprising from about 1%
to about 20% by weight of the propellant.
10. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the emulsion of
a rubber-like polymer is present in a higher proportion by weight than
said organosilicon compound.
11. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the emulsion of
a rubber-like polymer is a styrene butadiene latex emulsion.
12. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the
organosilicon compound is an alkylpolysiloxane.
13. The cleaning composition according to claim 12, wherein the
organosilicon compound is a dimethylpolysiloxane silicone fluid.
14. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein said emollient
comprises a mono- or di-ester, or mixture thereof.
15. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein said emollient
comprises an adipate ester or combination of adipate esters.
16. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein said emollient
comprises dioctyl adipate and diisopropyl adipate.
17. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant
is selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated alcohols, esters of
sorbitan, alkanolamides, and mixtures thereof.
18. A cleaning composition according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is
selected from the group consisting of ethoxylated lauryl alcohol,
ethoxylated sorbitan laurate, coconut diethanolamide, and mixtures
thereof.
19. A cleaning composition according to claim 1, comprising:
from about 50% to about 80% by weight of a polymer latex emulsion,
from about 1% to about 10% by weight of an organosilicon compound,
from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of an emollient,
from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a surfactant, and
from about 5% to about 45% by weight of water.
20. The cleaning composition according to claim 19, further comprising from
about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of pumice.
21. The cleaning composition according to claim 19, further comprising from
about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of a preservative.
22. A cleaning composition according to claim 19, comprising:
from about 50% to about 70% by weight of a styrene butadiene latex
emulsion,
from about 2% to about 6% by weight of a dimethylpolysiloxane silicone
fluid,
from about 25% to about 45% by weight of water,
from about 0.15% to about 1% by weight of a preservative,
from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of an adipate ester,
from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of a surfactant selected from the
group consisting of ethoxylated lauryl alcohol, ethoxylated sorbitan
laurate, and mixtures thereof, and
from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of a coconut diethanolamide.
23. The cleaning composition according to claim 22, further comprising from
about 1% to about 5% by weight of pumice.
24. A method for cleaning skin comprising the steps of:
(i) applying a cleaning composition comprising from about 50% to about 80%
by weight of a polymer latex emulsion, an organosilicon compound, an
emollient, a surfactant, and water, to the skin;
(ii) rubbing said cleaning composition on the skin to form particles; and
(iii) allowing the particles to fall away by means of further rubbing
action.
25. A composition suitable for cleaning skin made by combining from about
50% to about 80% by weight of a polymer latex emulsion, from about 1% to
about 10% by weight of an organosilicon compound, from about 0.5% to about
5% by weight of an emollient, from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a
surfactant, and from about 5% to about 45% by weight of water.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cleaning compositions that are suitable
for removing dirt, grease and oils from the hands, or other skin surfaces,
without the need for additional water. Additionally, the cleaning
compositions of this invention allow for cleaning without the need for
subsequent rinsing or subsequent drying, by towel or other means. This
invention also relates to methods of cleaning hands, or other skin
surfaces, using the cleaning compositions of this invention.
East German Patent 272,099 (the '099 patent) discloses a hand cleanser that
is suitable for cleaning hands soiled with oil and grease without using
water and without leaving residues on the skin. This cleaner comprises
from 1% to 3% (by weight) of an aqueous copolymerizate latex from styrene,
1,3-butadiene, methacrylic acid and an esterification product of
Diels-Alder adducts of maleic acid. The '009 patent teaches that the
successful use of a polymer latex in such a composition was surprising in
that such latex mixtures are normally associated with sticky adhesives, a
characteristic that is undesirable in hand cleaning compositions.
Moreover, the '099 patent teaches that hand care products containing
additives like alginates, 2-ethoxyethanol (carbitol), glycols, silicone
compounds and ethyl alcohol, leave behind a sticky layer or they degrease
the skin with simultaneous damage to the stratum corneum.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,862,906 (the '906 patent) discloses a composition for
cleaning hands and other body parts comprising an aqueous emulsion of
polymers or copolymers, an emulsifying agent, a fat emulsive soap and
water. The disclosed compositions contain the minimum quantity of water
and soap sufficient for cleaning the hands, thus making further drying
unnecessary.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,002,680 (the '680 patent) discloses mild personal skin
cleansers. These skin cleansers comprise a non-soap surfactant, a skin
feel aid, a moisturizer, water, and a propellant, in a pressurized aerosol
mousse dispenser. This mousse is disclosed to be a foam that leaves the
skin feeling soft and smooth after washing. The patent discloses use of
these cleansers in washing tests wherein the composition is applied,
gently rubbed, then rinsed off with water.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,259,984 (the '984 patent) discloses a rinse-free cleaner
composition that, after exposure to air and rubbing, extracts dirt, oil,
and grease from skin or other substances, then beads up and falls off
without the need for a towel. This cleaning composition comprises from 1%
to 20% (by weight) of a polymer gel, a volatilizing agent, and a cleaning
component comprising an alkali metal hydroxide. The polymer gel in the
composition of the '984 patent is preferably an aqueous
hydroxyalkylmethylcellulose-based polymeric gel; however, film-forming
agents such as neoprene latex, styrene copolymer latex, polyvinyl alcohol
and polyvinyl chloride latex may be employed to prepare the aqueous
polymer gel component.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,538,663 discloses a detergent composition comprising
polymer particles and a surface-active agent in purified water. The patent
teaches various polymer class-types that are suitable for use in the
composition in an amount of 0.1% to 30% by weight, and particularly 1% to
10% by weight. Of the numerous polymers disclosed, hydrophobic polymers
are one class that may be utilized and styrene butadiene rubber is one
such polymer disclosed. Surface active agents disclosed to be suitable for
use in these compositions include ionic and non-ionic agents.
Despite the existence of the aforementioned compositions, there exists a
need for a hand cleaning composition that cleans dirt, grease and oil from
skin without rinsing or having to dry with a towel, that avoids the skin
drying tendencies associated with solvents such as alcohols and
hydrocarbons, that leaves no residue on the skin and that leaves the skin
with a soothing or soft feel. Such a composition would be advantageous for
its portability and convenience in situations where rinsing water (or
other solvent) and toweling are either inconvenient to use or are simply
unavailable.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a cleaner composition suitable for use on skin
surfaces comprising a latex emulsion of a polymer, an organosilicon
compound, an emollient composition, a surfactant composition, and water.
The compositions of the invention may optionally further comprise an
abrasive. Upon application of these compositions to dirty hands or other
skin surfaces and subsequent rubbing action, the composition will remove
dirt, oil, grease and the like from the skin surface and form particles
that easily fall off of the skin surface, leaving the skin surface
substantially cleaned, yet also feeling smooth and soft. This invention
obviates the need for additional rinsing or drying of the skin surface
being cleaned. These cleaner compositions leave no residue or sticky feel
on the skin and result in a soft and soothing feel to the cleaned skin
surface. The compositions of the invention clean the skin without the
drying tendencies associated with alcohol- or hydrocarbon
solvent-containing compositions and impart a pleasant fresh scent to the
cleaned skin surface.
The cleaner composition of the invention is advantageous in that it is
suitable for cleaning hands without the use of rinse water or other
rinsing agent. Neither rubbing nor wiping with a towel or other drying
agent is necessary for effective cleaning. These properties are
particularly useful to individuals in situations where access to washing
facilities, rinse water, and towels or dryers is inconvenient or
impossible. Examples include: home handypersons, park rangers,
outdoorspersons, mechanics, and tradesmen. The cleaning compositions are
portable and convenient to use, and they do not require the use of
irritating ingredients sometimes found in existing cleaning compositions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
This invention provides a cleaning composition, suitable for use on skin,
which comprises: i) a latex emulsion of a polymer, ii) an organosilicon
compound, iii) an emollient composition, iv) a surfactant composition, and
v) water. Preferably, the latex emulsion is present in a higher proportion
than the organosilicon compound in the cleaning compositions of this
invention. In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning composition may
further comprise one or more preservatives, fragrances, and/or thickeners.
In another embodiment, the cleaning compositions of the invention contain
an abrasive. A still further embodiment is in the form of an aerosol
cleaning composition which includes a propellant, and optionally, a
corrosion inhibitor. This invention also provides methods of cleaning the
skin using the compositions disclosed herein.
The cleaning compositions of this invention may be in the form of a lotion,
cream, aerosol, foam or mousse, or the like, and may be applied in such
form.
Latex emulsions useful in this invention include those that are capable of
providing cleaning action upon contact and rubbing with dirt, oil, grease
and the like. Upon rubbing, the latex removes the dirt, oil, grease and
grime and creates aggregates in the form of small particles, flakes,
shavings and the like, that fall off of the skin, thus removing the dirt,
oil grease and grime and leaving a substantially clean surface. The
compositions of this invention comprise from about 20% to about 80% by
weight, or alternatively from about 50% to about 70% by weight of latex
emulsion.
Suitable latex emulsions comprise a polymer that is a rubber-like material.
The latex emulsion may comprise a copolymer. Presently preferred latex
emulsions contemplated for use in this invention include those comprising
styrene butadiene copolymers. Specific latex emulsions suitable for use in
this invention are exemplified by the PLIOLITE.RTM. SBR LATEX series
available from The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Chemical Division,
Akron, Ohio, and specifically exemplified by Goodyear product numbers
LPF-6687, LPF-6733 and LPF-6758. By way of example, copolymer latex
emulsions having from about 60% to about 80% butadiene monomer (based on
total polymer) and about 40% to about 20% styrene monomer (based on total
polymer) composition are suitable for use in this invention.
Alternatively, copolymer latex emulsions having a 34/66 ratio of styrene
to butadiene monomers, respectively, such as LPF-6733, are suitable for
use in this invention. In many instances the latex emulsions are
commercially available as proprietary preformulated packages that may also
contain appropriate additives (including for example, emulsifiers (anionic
and non-ionic), alkaline soaps, surfactants and the like) for maintaining
the stability of the emulsion itself.
The organosilicon compounds contemplated for use in this invention are
those, which are capable of enhancing the flow properties of the hand
cleaner, and which function as emollients as well. This may be achieved in
part by assisting in preventing undesirable stickiness or aggregation of
the polymer latex. Preferably, the organosilicon compounds useful in this
invention are also capable of imparting a feeling of smoothness and
softness of the skin. The compositions of this invention comprise from
about 1% to about 10% by weight, or alternatively from about 2% to about
6% by weight of an organosilicon compound or mixture of such compounds.
Ideally, the organosilicon compound should be inert with respect to the
other ingredients in the composition and should exhibit low surface
tension. Suitable organosilicon compounds have a viscosity of from about 5
to about 1000 cst at 25.degree. C., and alternatively from about 200 to
about 300 cst at 25.degree. C. Polysiloxanes are contemplated for use,
including for example, alkylpolysiloxanes, as are silicon esters, of which
dimethicone copolyol lactate is one example. Commercially available
organosilicon compounds, such as TBF 8-250, an alkylpolysiloxane silicone
fluid available from Path Silicones, Elmwood, N.J. are suitable for use in
this invention.
De-ionized water is contemplated for use in the compositions of this
invention, however, water of greater purity is also suitable for use. The
compositions of this invention comprise water in amounts from about 5% to
about 75% by weight, or alternatively, from about 25% to about 45% by
weight.
The preservatives suitable for use in the compositions of this invention
are those capable of preventing or inhibiting bacterial growth in the
composition during storage. The amount of preservative, which will be
effective to prevent or inhibit bacterial growth, will be dependent upon
on the actual identity of the preservative. A preservative suitable for
skin cleaning or skin conditioning formulations is acceptable. The
compositions of this invention typically comprise from about 0.10% to
about 2% by weight, or alternatively from about 0.15% to about 1% by
weight of a preservative.
Examples of suitable preservatives for use in this invention include: DMDH
Hydantoin (5,5-dimethyl-1,3-dihydroxymethyl hydantoin), Suttocide A
(sodium hydroxymethylglycinate in water), available from Sutton
Laboratories (a division of International Specialty Products, Wayne,
N.J.), and Surcide G-50 (gluteraldehyde), available from Surety
Laboratories, Inc., Cranford, N.J.
Emollient compositions useful in the compositions of this invention
comprise one or more emollients. Emollients useful in the compositions of
this invention are those which impart a softer, smoother feel to the skin
after application and removal of the cleaning composition. Suitable
emollients are also capable of solvating water insoluble soil, dirt or
grease. Generally, these include mono- and di-esters and mixtures thereof.
Examples such as the hexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl, isopropyl, octyl, or
cetyl, esters of adipic, lactic, oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or
linoleic acids as well as their corresponding alcohol esters are suitable.
Esters such as isopropyl myristate, cetyl lactate, isobutyl stearate,
diisopropyl adipate, dioctyl adipate and diisostearyl adipate are
specifically contemplated. Such esters are preferred for use in the
present invention because in addition to enhancing skin feel after use of
these cleaning compositions, the ester emollients also aid in solvating
and removing water insoluble dirt, grease and grime, thus facilitating the
cleaning action of these compositions. The compositions of the invention
comprise from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, or alternatively from
about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of an emollient composition. The
compositions of the invention may comprise an adipate ester or a
combination of adipate esters. Commercially available emollients such as
PELEMOL 23285, which is an 80/20 blend of dioctyl adipate and diisopropyl
adipate, respectively, available from Phoenix Chemical, Inc., Somerville,
N.J., are suitable.
Surfactant compositions useful in the compositions of this invention
comprise one or more surfactants. Surfactants useful in the compositions
of this invention are those which provide an appropriate lather volume and
foaming quality. Oil in water emulsifier surfactants are contemplated. The
compositions of this invention comprise from about 0.1% to about 10% by
weight, or alternatively from about 0.1% to about 3% by weight of a
surfactant composition. Surfactants suitable for use in the compositions
disclosed herein include alkoxylated alcohols, esters of sorbitan,
alkanolamides or coconut alkanolamides, and the like. Among appropriate
surfactant compositions are blends of ethoxylated lauryl alcohol and
ethoxylated sorbitan laurate, exemplified by Lanycol 910, and coconut
diethanolamides, exemplified by Naetex C. Both Lanycol 910 and Naetex C
are commercially available from Lanaetex Products, Inc., Elizabeth, N.J.
Thickeners may also be used in the compositions of this invention. A
thickener that provides for the desired consistency of the cleaning
composition is acceptable. Polymeric thickeners are contemplated for use
in the compositions of this invention. The compositions of this invention
comprise from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight, or alternatively from
about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a thickener. Acrylic copolymers such
as Acusol.TM. 820, available from Rohm and Haas Company, Philadelphia,
Pa., and Structure .TM.3000 and Structure.TM.3001, available from National
Starch & Chemical, Bridgewater, N.J., are specifically contemplated.
Suitable fragrances useful in the compositions of this invention are any
fragrance capable of imparting a pleasant fresh scent to the hands after
cleaning. Suitable fragrances may also mask any unpleasant odors emanating
from any other ingredient or combination of ingredients in the
composition. Fragrances such as those known in the cosmetic and hand
cleaner/conditioner arts are useful in this invention. The compositions of
this invention may comprise from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight, or
alternatively from about 0.01% to about 1% by weight of fragrance. Citrus
fragrances are specifically contemplated for use in this invention.
The compositions of this invention may additionally comprise a propellant
when it is desired to dispense the composition from an aerosol-type
container. Propellants useful in the compositions of this invention
include those materials known in the aerosol arts. Selection of a suitable
propellant or propellant mixture is within the purview of one of ordinary
skill in the art and may be dependant on several product attributes
including for example, the choice of the valve and actuator system to be
used, the desired consistency of the foam, the fill weight and gravity of
the product in the aerosol, and the need to ensure adequate evacuation of
the can.
The compositions of this invention may comprise from about 1% to about 20%,
or alternatively from about 5% to about 10% by weight of a propellant or
mixture thereof. Materials including hydrocarbons such as propane, butane,
isobutane and the like, and mixtures thereof, ethers, such as dimethyl
ether, and halohydrocarbons, such as hydrofluorocarbon R-134a, available
from E.I. DuPont De Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Del., are contemplated for
use in this invention. Other compressed gases such as carbon dioxide and
nitrogen are contemplated for use. Commercially available propellants,
exemplified by NP46 (73.8% n-butane and 26.2% propane), available from
Phillips Chemical Company, are contemplated for use in this invention.
Hydrocarbon propellants are specifically contemplated where the cleaning
composition is to be applied as an aerosol.
The cleaning compositions of this invention may optionally comprise a
hydrocarbon solvent, such as, for example, Isopar L, which is an aliphatic
hydrocarbon available from Exxon Chemical Company, Houston, Tex.
Compositions disclosed herein may comprise from about 0.1% to about 5% by
weight of hydrocarbon solvent.
The cleaning compositions of this invention may also optionally comprise
one or more corrosion inhibitors to prevent or inhibit corrosion of the
aerosol container used to store or dispense the cleaning compositions of
the invention. Such corrosion may be caused by the liquid or vapor phase,
or combination thereof, of the composition. The compositions of this
invention may comprise from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight, or
alternatively from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of corrosion
inhibitor. Corrosion inhibitors such as alkanolamines, such as triethanol
amine (TEA) and monoethanol amine (MEA), morpholine, ammonium hydroxide
and sodium nitrite, or mixtures thereof, are contemplated for use in this
invention.
Other appropriate additives known in the hand cleaning and conditioning
formulation arts may be utilized in the compositions of this invention.
These may include for example, colorants, deodorizers, dispersants, and
opacifiers. Examples of these additives and other examples of the
aforementioned components in the cleaning compositions of this invention
are listed in McCutcheon's "Emulsifiers & Detergents--Volume 1" and
"Functional Materials--Volume 2", 1997 North American Edition,
Manufacturing Confectioner Publishing Co., Glen Rock, N.J., herein
incorporated by reference in its entirety.
In some embodiments of this invention, a mild abrasive, such as pumice,
silica, polyethylene, kaopolite (anhydrous aluminum silicate), or other
such materials, may also be used. Pumice is particularly suitable for
cleaning compositions of this invention that are to be applied as lotions
or creams. The compositions of this invention may comprise from about 0.1%
to about 10% by weight, or alternatively from about 1% to about 5% by
weight of abrasive.
In one embodiment, the hand cleaning composition according to this
invention comprises:
from about 20% to about 80% by weight of a styrene butadiene latex
emulsion,
from about 1% to about 10% by weight of an organosilicon compound,
from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of an emollient composition,
from about 0. 1% to 10% by weight of a surfactant composition,
from about 0.10% to about 2% by weight of a preservative composition, and
from about 5% to about 75% by weight of water.
In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning composition directly above further
comprises at least one of the following additional agents: from about 0.1%
to about 5% by weight of a fragrance, from about 0.1% to about 10% by
weight of a thickener or from about 0.10% to about 10% by weight of
pumice.
In an alternate embodiment, the hand cleaning composition according to this
invention comprises:
from about 20% to about 80% by weight of a styrene butadiene latex
emulsion,
from about 1% to about 10% by weight of an organosilicon compound,
from about 0.5% to about 5% by weight of an emollient composition,
from about 0.1% to 10% by weight of a surfactant composition,
from about 0.10% to about 10% by weight of an abrasive,
from about 0.10% to about 2% by weight of a preservative composition, and
from about 5% to about 75% by weight of water.
In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning composition directly above further
comprises at least one of the following additional agents: from about 0.1%
to about 5% by weight of a fragrance or from about 0.1% to about 10% by
weight of a thickener.
In an alternate embodiment, the hand cleaning composition according to this
invention comprises:
from about 50% to about 70% by weight of a styrene butadiene latex
emulsion,
from about 2% to about 6% by weight of a dimethylpolysiloxane organosilicon
compound,
from about 0.5% to about 2% by weight of Pelemol 23285,
from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of Lanycol 910,
from about 0.1% to about 2% by weight of Naetex C,
from about 0.15% to about 1% by weight of Surcide G-50, and
from about 25% to about 45% by weight of water.
In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning compositions described herein
further comprise from about 0.10% to about 10% by weight of pumice.
In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning compositions described herein
further comprise from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of a citrus
fragrance.
In an alternate embodiment, the cleaning compositions described herein
further comprise from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of a thickener such
as Acusol.TM. 820 or Structure.TM. 3001.
Although the cleaning compositions of this invention are particularly
suited for cleaning hands, they are useful for cleaning other skin
surfaces.
In another embodiment, this invention provides cleaning compositions made
by the process of combining at least a latex emulsion of a polymer, an
organosilicon compound, an emollient composition, a surfactant
composition, and water. Also envisioned are cleaning compositions made by
the process of combining the aforementioned agents and at least one or
more abrasives, preservatives, fragrances, and/or thickeners. The cleaning
compositions made by the process of combining the aforementioned agents
may be combined in the proportions exemplified by the various cleaning
compositions disclosed throughout this specification. The agents may be
added singly or multiply to one another in any order of addition during
the process of combining.
In another embodiment, this invention provide a method for cleaning skin
comprising:
(i) applying a cleaning composition of this invention to the skin;
(ii) rubbing said cleaning composition on the skin; and
(iii) allowing the particles resulting from the interaction of the cleaning
composition and any dirt, grease or grime on the skin to fall away by the
rubbing action of step (ii).
This method of cleaning may utilize the cleaning compositions of this
invention as a lotion, cream, aerosol, foam, mousse or combinations
thereof.
In order that this invention be more fully understood, the following
examples are set forth. These examples are for the purpose of illustration
only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in
any way.
EXAMPLES
Equipment and Materials
The following procedures and materials were used to evaluate the
performance of the hand-cleaning compositions of this invention. Examples
A-D, I-J and N-O exemplify cleaning compositions of this invention.
Examples E-H and K-M exemplify currently available cleaning compositions
that are evaluated for comparative purposes.
TABLE 1
__________________________________________________________________________
Composition of Examples
(% of total composition by weight)
Component
Ex. A
Ex. B
Ex. C
Ex. D
Ex. I
Ex. J
Ex. N
Ex. O
__________________________________________________________________________
Latex SBR
58.00
58.00
58.50
60.00
57.00
57.00
57.00
57.00
6733
Silicon TBF
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
4.00
3.80
3.80
3.80
8-250
DI Water
32.60
30.60
31.60
33.40
31.70
34.00
31.20
30.80
Surcide G-50
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.30
0.30
0.20
0.20
Structure .TM.
1.00
1.00
1.00
-- 1.30
-- -- --
3001
Acusol 820
-- -- -- -- -- 1.10
1.00
1.10
Naetex C
0.30
0.30
0.30
-- 0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
PELEMOL
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
23285
Isopar L
1.50
1.50
-- -- -- -- -- --
Lanycol 910
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.20
2.00
2.00
2.00
Fragrance
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Pumice 1
-- -- -- -- 2.70
-- 3.00
3.00
Pumice O 1/2
-- 2.00
2.00
-- -- -- -- --
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Examples A-D, I-J and N-O are cleaning compositions prepared in the
proportions as listed in Table 1. Examples E-H and K-M are sample cleaning
compositions that are commercially available. They are individually
described below.
Example E
Water, Pumice, d-Limonene, Nonionic Surfactant, Corn Huskers Lotion (Water,
Glycerin, SD Alcohol, Algin, Tea-Oleoyl Sarcosinate, Methylparaben, Guar
Gum, Calcium Sulfate, Calcium Chloride, Tea-Fumarate, Tea-Borate,
Fragrance), Triethanolamine, Carbomer, Lanolin,
Methylchloroisothiazolinone, Methylisothiazolinone, Vitamin E, Aloe Vera,
Jojoba Oil.
Example F
Water, Pumice, d-Limonene, Vegetable Oil or Dipentene, Linear Alcohol
Alkoxylate, Aloe Extract, Baby oil, Carbomer, Jojoba Oil, Lanolin Oil,
Methylchloroisothiazolinone, Methylisothiazolinone, Tocopheryl Acetate,
Triethanolamine.
Example G
Paraffinic Solvent, Water, Mineral Oil, Tallates, Surfactant, Propylene
Glycol, Petrolatum, Allantoin, Aloe Extract, Inositol, Lanolin,
Methionine, Preservative, Vitamins A B C E H, Wheat Germ Extract.
Example H
Water, d-Limonene, Propylene glycol, Castor Oil, Nonionic Surfactant, Corn
Huskers Lotion, Triethanolamine, Magnesium Aluminum Silicate, Carbomer,
Lanolin, Preservative, Vitamin E, Aloe Vera, Jojoba Oil.
Example K
Water, Pumice, d-Limonene, Nonionic Surfactant, Corn Huskers Lotion (Water,
Glycerin, SD Alcohol, Algin, Tea-Oleoyl Sarcosinate, Methylparaben, Guar
Gum, Calcium Sulfate, Calcium Chloride, Tea-Fumarate, Tea-Borate,
Fragrance), Triethanolamine, Carbomer, Lanolin,
Methylchloroisothiazolinone, Methylisothiazolinone, Vitamin E, Aloe Vera,
Jojoba Oil.
Example L
Water, Pumice, d-Limonene, Vegetable Oil or Dipentene, Linear Alcohol
Alkoxylate, Aloe Extract, Baby oil, Carbomer, Jojoba Oil, Lanolin Oil,
Methylchloroisothiazolinone, Methylisothiazolinone, Tocopheryl Acetate,
Triethanolamine.
Example M
C12-C16 Isoparaffin, Water, Mineral oil, Sodium oleate, Pumice,
Trideceth--9 Propylene glycol, Petrolatum, Ethanolamine, Allantoin, Aloe
Extract, Ascorbic acid, Biotin, Lanolin, Methionine, Pantothenic acid,
Refinol, Tocopheryl acetate, Zinc Pyrithione, Blue #1, Yellow #5.
The tests were conducted using a test "Urban soil", similar to ASTM D4488.
This "Urban soil" was a combination of the following ingredients in the
stated proportions:
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Sanders-Lambert Synthetic Urban Soil
Ingredient Weight (g)
______________________________________
Hyperhumus 38.0
Portland cement 15.0
Low color furnace carbon black
1.5
Synthetic red iron oxide
0.3
Powdered silica (200-300 mesh)
15.0
Bandy black clay 16.7
Stearic acid 1.5
Oleic acid 1.5
Palm oil 3.0
Cholesterol 1.0
Vegetable oil (iodine value of 110.sup..+-. 10)
1.0
n-octadecane (tech. grade)
1.0
1-octadecene (tech. grade)
1.0
linoleic acid (tech. grade)
2.0
white mineral oil 1.5
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Hyperhumus from Hyperhumus Co., Newton NJ
Carbon black from Cities Service Co., Raven 410 powder or equal
Iron oxide from Cities Service Co., Mapico Red 387 or equal
Clay from Spinks Clay Co., Newport KY
The ingredients are mixed in a ball mill with 150 mL of distilled water and
about 210 9.5-mm. diameter grinding media steel balls and ground for 24
hours. The mixture is air dried overnight, ground in a mortar and passed
through a 100-mesh screen.
Test Procedure
The test was conducted with a panel of ten people. Both the panelists and a
moderator rated the cleaning of each test according to a 10 point scale,
where 0=no soil removal and 10=100% soil removal. The order of the
cleaners and the soil application was randomized for each panelist.
Examples A-H were examined using one panel, designated herein as "Panel
A". Examples I-M were examined using a second panel, designated herein as
"Panel B".
Soil Application
The amount of soil applied was different for each soil. The amount of soil
should be enough to sufficiently challenge the cleaners and still allow
for differentiation between them. Soil and amounts used were:
Urban Soil--Sanders-Lambert soil mixed 1:1 with mineral oil (25 g)
Valvoline grease with clay (0.5 g)
Mineral Oil
Dirty motor oil
Shoe polish, Kiwi black
Oil paint (Rustoleum Outdoor Decor 7777 satin black)
Ball point ink/Permanent marker
Carbon black
Wood stain, Red Devil
Wood putty, Minwax
Used diesel oil
Each panelist put an unpowdered latex glove on one hand. The soil was
weighed onto weighing paper or waxed paper and applied directly to the
bare hand. The moderator or panelist rubbed the hand to distribute the
soil as evenly as possible over the hand, palm side only.
Cleaning
Two minutes after the soil was applied, the hands were cleaned with 1 g of
the respective cleaner for a period of one minute. Samples of the Example
F and Example G compositions were used with a few drops of water, all
other samples were used without additional water. The soil removal was
then evaluated on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being 100% soil removal. The
results are summarized in Tables 2-11. The cleaning rating is an average
of the combined responses of each of the 10 panelists and the moderator
for each test sample. As can be seen from Tables 2-11, panelists rated the
compositions of this invention (samples from Examples A-D and I-J) as
having superior cleaning ability as compared to commercially available
compositions (samples from Examples E-H and K-M, respectively).
TABLE 2
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Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Sanders-Lambert Urban Soil/Mineral Oil
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 8.6 (0.958)
Example B 7.7 (1.379)
Example C 7.9 (0.841)
Example D 9.1 (0.686)
Example E 6.3 (1.720)
Example F 6.4 (1.930)
Example G 7.0 (1.743)
Example H 5.9 (1.836)
Panel B
Example I 8.1 (1.255)
Example J 7.9 (1.280)
Example K 7.5 (0.857)
Example L 6.9 (0.985)
Example M 8.1 (0.981)
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TABLE 3
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Grease
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 10.0 (0.112)
Example B 9.7 (0.591)
Example C 9.8 (0.377)
Example D 9.9 (0.393)
Example E 9.3 (1.164)
Example F 9.8 (0.734)
Example G 9.8 (0.380)
Example H 9.6 (0.483)
Panel B
Example I 9.1 (1.134)
Example J 8.9 (1.415)
Example K 9.7 (0.401)
Example L 9.8 (0.343)
Example M 9.7 (0.343)
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TABLE 4
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Dirty Motor Oil
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 10.0 (0.112)
Example B 9.6 (0.467)
Example C 9.7 (0.564)
Example D 9.7 (0.462)
Example E 10.0 (0.224)
Example F 9.2 (1.196)
Example G 10.0 (0.000)
Example H 9.2 (1.322)
Panel B
Example I 9.7 (0.401)
Example J 9.7 (0.377)
Example K 9.9 (0.275)
Example L 9.8 (0.373)
Example M 9.9 (0.262)
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TABLE 5
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Shoe Polish
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 6.1 (1.210)
Example B 7.3 (1.418)
Example C 6.9 (1.314)
Example D 7.6 (1.245)
Example E 6.4 (2.073)
Example F 8.5 (1.118)
Example G 9.0 (0.809)
Example H 6.5 (1.100)
Panel B
Example I 6.1 (1.849)
Example J 6.5 (1.716)
Example K 9.2 (0.780)
Example L 9.2 (0.413)
Example M 9.5 (0.380)
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TABLE 6
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Putty
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 8.5 (1.118)
Example B 8.8 (2.148)
Example C 9.0 (0.843)
Example D 9.4 (0.981)
Example E 6.3 (2.912)
Example F 8.8 (1.444)
Example G 9.5 (0.850)
Example H 6.3 (2.546)
Panel B
Example I 9.1 (1.029)
Example J 9.3 (0.715)
Example K 9.0 (1.164)
Example L 9.1 (1.971)
Example M 9.4 (1.122)
______________________________________
TABLE 7
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Used Diesel Oil
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 9.6 (0.793)
Example B 9.0 (1.577)
Example C 9.9 (0.286)
Example D 9.5 (0.678)
Example E 9.5 (0.819)
Example F 9.6 (0.667)
Example G 9.8 (0.373)
Example H 9.5 (0.647)
Panel B
Example I 9.1 (1.119)
Example J 8.4 (1.975)
Example K 8.7 (1.523)
Example L 9.3 (0.786)
Example M 9.5 (0.538)
______________________________________
TABLE 8
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Oil Paint
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 1.5 (1.235)
Example B 1.5 (1.094)
Example C 2.3 (1.372)
Example D 2.5 (1.997)
Example E 6.8 (1.361)
Example F 5.9 (1.623)
Example G 7.1 (1.685)
Example H 5.1 (1.510)
Panel B
Example I 1.3 (0.444)
Example J 2.1 (1.205)
Example K 7.4 (1.134)
Example L 7.2 (1.415)
Example M 7.6 (0.837)
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TABLE 9
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Ink and a Marker
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 6.0 (1.716)
Example B 6.1 (2.719)
Example C 6.7 (2.296)
Example D 7.5 (1.669)
Example E 9.7 (0.472)
Example F 9.8 (0.294)
Example G 6.3 (1.534)
Example H 8.7 (1.839)
Panel B
Example I 5.8 (2.167)
Example J 4.8 (2.308)
Example K 9.3 (0.639)
Example L 9.2 (0.696)
Example M 8.4 (1.268)
______________________________________
TABLE 10
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Carbon Black
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 7.7 (0.924)
Example B 8.3 (1.032)
Example C 8.3 (1.218)
Example D 8.6 (0.872)
Example E 4.7 (1.920)
Example F 4.9 (1.832)
Example G 6.6 (1.603)
Example H 4.8 (1.908)
Panel B
Example I 7.7 (0.835)
Example J 8.1 (0.754)
Example K 5.5 (1.885)
Example L 5.9 (1.134)
Example M 5.8 (1.240)
______________________________________
TABLE 11
______________________________________
Rating of Cleaning Ability
Against Wood Stain
TEST SAMPLE RATING (Std. Dev.)
______________________________________
Panel A
Example A 2.8 (2.074)
Example B 3.3 (2.105)
Example C 4.1 (2.164)
Example D 2.8 (1.830)
Example E 7.3 (2.111)
Example F 8.1 (1.234)
Example G 8.1 (1.711)
Example H 6.0 (2.454)
Panel B
Example I 7.3 (0.865)
Example J 7.3 (1.550)
Example K 8.9 (0.805)
Example L 9.1 (0.788)
Example M 9.1 (0.936)
______________________________________
While we have described a number of embodiments of this invention, it is
apparent that our basic compositions may be altered to provide other
embodiments that do not depart from the basic teachings disclosed herein.
Therefore, it will be appreciated that one of skill in the art may
recognize that modifications may be made to the embodiments specifically
disclosed in this application, yet these modifications are within the
scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
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