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United States Patent | 6,011,068 |
Nemeth, ;, , , --> Nemeth ,   et al. | January 4, 2000 |
The present invention relates to the different roles inorganic ion receptors have in cellular and body processes. The present invention features: (1) molecules which can modulate one or more inorganic ion receptor activities, preferably the molecule can mimic or block an effect of an extracellular ion on a cell having an inorganic ion receptor, more preferably the extracellular ion is Ca.sup.2+ and the effect is on a cell having a calcium receptor; (2) inorganic ion receptor proteins and fragments thereof, preferably calcium receptor proteins and fragments thereof; (3) nucleic acids encoding inorganic ion receptor proteins and fragments thereof, preferably calcium receptor proteins and fragments thereof; (4) antibodies and fragments thereof, targeted to inorganic ion receptor proteins, preferably calcium receptor protein; and (5) uses of such molecules, proteins, nucleic acids and antibodies.
Inventors: | Nemeth; Edward F. (Salt Lake City, UT); Van Wagenen; Bradford C. (Salt Lake City, UT); Balandrin; Manuel F. (Sandy, UT); DelMar; Eric G. (Salt Lake City, UT); Moe; Scott T. (Salt Lake City, UT) |
Assignee: | NPS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Salt Lake City, UT); The Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston, MA) |
Appl. No.: | 353784 |
Filed: | December 8, 1994 |
Current U.S. Class: | 514/654; 564/337; 564/366; 564/374; 564/384; 564/389 |
Intern'l Class: | A61K 031/195; C07C 211/00; C07C 213/00 |
Field of Search: | 564/337,366,374,384,389 514/654 |
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TABLE 1 ______________________________________ Net (+) Molecule Charge EC.sub.50 (.mu.M) ______________________________________ Neomycin +6 20 or 40 Hexacyclen +6 20 NPS 382 +8 50 NPS 381 +10 100 NPS 383 +8 150 Gentamicin +5 150 Spermine +4 150 Bekanamycin +5 200 Argiotoxin-659 +4 300 Pentaethylenehexamine (PEHA) +6 500 Streptomycin +3 600 Spermidine +3 2000 Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) +5 2500 1,12-diaminododecane (DADD) +2 3000 Triethylenetramine (TETA) +4 8000 ______________________________________
TABLE 2 ______________________________________ cyclic AMP (% of control) control +PTx ______________________________________ 0.5 mM Ca.sup.2+ 100 106 .+-. 8 2.0 mM Ca.sup.2+ 19 .+-. 4 94 .+-. 2 0.5 mM Ca.sup.2+, 200 .mu.M spermine 23 .+-. 5 93 .+-. 6 0.5 mM Ca.sup.2+, 30 .mu.M neomycin B 28 .+-. 8 87 .+-. 6 0.5 mM Ca.sup.2+, 2 .mu.g/ml protamine 20 .+-. 4 89 .+-. 9 ______________________________________
TABLE 3 ______________________________________ Molecule EC.sub.50 (in .mu.M) ______________________________________ NPS 382 (+8) 50 NPS 381 (+10) 100 spermine (+4) 150 PEHA (+6) 500 spermidine (+3) 2000 TEPA (+5) 2500 TETA (+4) 8000 ______________________________________
TABLE 4 ______________________________________ Antibiotic EC.sub.50 (in .mu.M) ______________________________________ neomycin (+6) 10 gentamicin (+5) 150 bekanamycin (+5) 200 streptomycin (+3) 600 ______________________________________
TABLE 5 ______________________________________ Peptide (MW in kD) EC.sub.50 (in nM) ______________________________________ polyArg (100) 4 polyArg (40) 15 polyLys (27) 30 protamine (4.8) 75 polyArgTyr (22) 200 polyLys (14) 1000 polyLys (3.8) 3000 ______________________________________
TABLE 6 ______________________________________ EC.sub.50 (.mu.M) COMPOUND PARATHYROID OSTEOCLAST C-CELL ______________________________________ NPS R-568 0.60 200 1.9 NPS S-568 30 -- -- NPS R-467 2 >100 2.2 NPS S-467 >30 -- -- NPS 017 6 inactive 150 R-Fendiline 9 150 -- Fendiline* 15 200 >100 NPS 015 22 -- inactive NPS 019 40 >300 5 R-Prenylamine 7 150 6 1H* 30 250 -- Spermine 150 inactive inactive Neomycin 40 inactive inactive ______________________________________ *racemic mixture; "inactive" is defined as causing no increase in cytosolic Ca.sup.2+ at a concentration of 1-5 mM.
TABLE 7 ______________________________________ Examples of Arylalkylamine Compounds with In Vitro EC.sub.50 Values Greater than 5 .mu.M at the Parathyroid Cell Calcium Receptor Compound Name or Code (from FIG. 36) EC.sub.50 (.mu.M) ______________________________________ Fendiline (racemic) 15 R-Fendiline 9 S-Fendiline >15 NPS S-467 >30 NPS S-568 30 1A 166 1B 776 1C 126 1D 48 1E 123 1S 128 2A 120 7Y >30 7Z (R-) >30 7Z (S-) >100 8Y >30 20K >30 20V >100 ______________________________________
TABLE 8 ______________________________________ Arylalkylamine Calcimimetics from FIG. 36 Active at the Parathyroid Cell Calcium Receptor In Vitro (EC.sub.50 .ltoreq. 5 .mu.M) Compound Code Compound Code (from FIG. 36) EC.sub.50 (.mu.M) (from FIG. 36) EC.sub.50 (.mu.M) ______________________________________ NPS R-467 2.0 11D 1.8 NPS R-568 0.60 11X 0.83 3U 0.64 11Y 2.8 3V 1.8 12L 1.7 4A 1.4 12U 1.2 4B 2.0 12V 0.42 4C 2.0 12W 3.2 4D 4.4 12Y 2.0 4G 1.8 13Q ca. 0.8 4H >3.0 13R 0.25 4J 2.2 13S <0.13 4M 2.1 13U 0.19 4N 0.8 13X <0.75 4P 1.6 14L 0.26 4R/6V 4.2 14Q 0.47 4S 3.3 14U 0.13 4T/4U 1.6 14V 1.7 4V 2.5 14Y 0.38 4W 2.3 15G ca. 0.5 4Y 1.3 16Q 0.04 4Z/5A 4.4 16R 0.36 5B/5C 2.8 16T 0.04 5W/5Y 3.6 16V <0.13 6E 2.7 16W 0.59 6F(R,R-) 0.83 16X 0.10 6R 3.4 17M 0.15 6T 2.9 17O 0.04 6X 2.5 17P 0.04 7W 3.2 17R 0.39 7X 1.1 17W 0.43 8D 2.5 17X 0.02 8J 0.78 20F <1.0 8K 1.3 201 >1.0 8R 2.6 20J >3.0 8S 1.7 20R 2.4 8T 1.8 20S 4.2 8U 0.44 21D 3.0 8X 0.76 21F 0.38 8Z 0.40 21G 1.1 9C 0.60 21O 0.26 9D 1.4 21P 0.43 9R 0.25 21Q 1.4 9S 4.8 21R 0.37 10F 0.89 ______________________________________
TABLE 9 ______________________________________ Effect of NPS R-568 on Serum Parathyroid Hormone in a Human TIME (hours) 0 0.5 1 2 4 8 12 24 DOSE Serum PTH (pg/ml) ______________________________________ Placebo 34 32 32 34 32 36 44 32 20 mg 31 23 18 24 34 34 48 32 240 mg 29 18 6 6 10 27 35 34 400 mg 33 13 9 8 11 20 31 31 ______________________________________
TABLE 10 ______________________________________ Effect of NPS R-568 on Serum Ionized Calcium in a Human TIME (hours) 0 0.5 1 2 4 8 12 24 DOSE Serum Ionized Calcium (mg/dl) ______________________________________ Placebo 1.24 1.23 1.24 1.24 1.25 1.23 1.23 1.23 20 mg 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.26 1.23 1.29 240 mg 1.26 1.26 1.25 1.23 1.19 1.16 1.18 1.23 400 mg 1.24 1.26 1.25 1.22 1.19 1.13 1.15 1.22 ______________________________________
TABLE 11 ______________________________________ Effect of NPS R-568 on Serum Calcitonin in a Human TIME (hours) 0 0.5 1 2 4 8 12 24 DOSE Serum Calcitonin (pg/ml) ______________________________________ Placebo 3.5 4.0 3.8 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.4 20 mg 3.2 3.8 3.2 4.5 4.2 3.9 3.2 3.6 240 mg 5.8 4.8 6.5 7.5 6.1 4.7 5.3 8.3 400 mg 3.4 4.0 6.0 7.1 5.2 3.8 3.7 3.0 ______________________________________