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| United States Patent |
5,720,129
|
|
Lantinberg
|
February 24, 1998
|
Seed carrier and marker
Abstract
A seed carrier and marker includes an elongated peg having an upper end and
a lower end, a soil level index between the ends of the peg for indicating
a recommended depth to place the peg into soil, a seed, and placement
structure for positioning the seed at about a predetermined position a
selected distance below the soil level index, the placement structure
including a water-degradable film for resisting movement of the seed away
from the predetermined position. The water-degradable film is preferably
fabricated of a water-soluble polymeric material with an adhesive on one
side for adhering to the peg. The positioning structure can include a
compartment defined by the lower end of the peg. The peg can be fabricated
of a degradable material, such as a bio-degradable material or a
photo-degradable polymeric material.
| Inventors:
|
Lantinberg; Richard J. (2810 Beauclerc Rd., Jacksonville, FL 32257)
|
| Appl. No.:
|
511312 |
| Filed:
|
August 4, 1995 |
| Current U.S. Class: |
47/56; 47/48.5 |
| Intern'l Class: |
A01C 001/04 |
| Field of Search: |
47/56,48.5,48.5 R
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
| 2281927 | May., 1942 | Fischer | 47/56.
|
| 3098320 | Jul., 1963 | Estkowski | 47/56.
|
| 3098321 | Jul., 1963 | Estkowski | 47/56.
|
| 3908308 | Sep., 1975 | Meyers | 47/56.
|
| 4080755 | Mar., 1978 | Crosby | 47/56.
|
| 4353183 | Oct., 1982 | Estkowski | 47/56.
|
| 4442627 | Apr., 1984 | Adams | 47/56.
|
Primary Examiner: Raduazo; Henry E.
Claims
I claim:
1. A seed carrier including:
an elongated peg having an upper end and a lower end;
a soil level index means between the ends of the peg and a seed compartment
provided below said index means;
a seed; and
a placement means for positioning the seed at or about a predetermined
position below the soil level index means, the placement mean including a
water degradable film covering said compartment and resisting movement of
the seed away from the predetermined position and a layer of adhesive
provided on one of the peg or the film for adhering the water degradable
film on the peg.
2. The seed carrier of claim 1 wherein the placement means including a
water degradable film covering said compartment and resisting movement of
the seed away from the predetermined position is perforated for providing
moisture to the seed.
3. The seed carrier of claim 1 wherein the placement means includes an
opaque water degradable film covering said compartment and resisting
movement of the seed away from the predetermined position.
4. A seed carrier including:
an elongated peg having an upper end and a lower end;
a soil level index means between the ends of the peg and a seed compartment
provided below said index means;
a seed; and
a placement means for positioning the seed at or about a predetermined
position below the soil level index means, the placement means including a
water degradable film covering said compartment and resisting movement of
the seed away from the predetermined position and a porous capillary
growth means provided in said compartment for providing moisture to the
seed.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to articles for planting and marking the placement of
seeds, and, in particular, to a seed carrier and marker that includes a
peg having a compartment defined by a lower end containing a seed, wherein
the compartment is covered by a water soluble polymer film.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Home gardening is a popular pastime for many people. Planting a seed,
seeing a plant sprouted from that seed rise from the ground and then
caring for the plant is enjoyable and educational, too. It is important,
however, that the placement of the seeds are marked so that the young
shoots sprouting from the seeds do not accidentally get trampled upon. It
is also important for germination and growth that the seeds are planted at
a proper depth in the soil and that they are adequately spaced apart from
one another.
One type of device that addresses these concerns is a unitary seed carrier
and marker. A typical seed carrier and marker includes an elongated stick
or peg that is tapered at a bottom end, a seed attached to a lower portion
of the stick, and a line or other indicia on the stick a predetermined
distance above the seed for indicating the depth of placement in the soil.
A seed carrier and marker of this type is especially useful for growing a
small number of plant specimens.
One method of attaching the seed to the stick is with a bead of glue.
However, too much glue can encase the seed and thereby inhibit germination
and growth of the seedling. Too little glue will not properly secure the
seed to the stick during handling or planting in the soil. Large seed
varieties, such as, for example, kidney or lima beans, require too much
glue to be practicable. A different method of carrying the seed is
disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,909,308. The patent describes a wooden plant
marker having an aperture in a lower end that contains a seed plug formed
of at least one seed encased in a water-soluble, translucent, wax-like
substance. Manufacture of this type of seed carrier and marker is
difficult, requiring complicated machinery and careful temperature control
of the wax-like substance. In addition, the seed plug typically cannot be
large enough to hold large seed varieties.
There is therefore a need for an improved seed carrier and marker that does
not suffer the disadvantages of the prior art devices.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide an improved seed carrier and
marker that is easier to manufacture than prior art systems.
It is another object of the invention to provide a seed carrier and marker
that securely holds a seed during handling and planting.
It is another object of the invention to provide a seed carrier and marker
that can be used with large seed varieties.
These objects and others are obtained with a seed carrier and marker of the
present invention that includes an elongated peg having an upper end and a
lower end, soil level index means between the ends of the peg, a seed, and
placement structure for positioning the seed at about a predetermined
position a selected distance below the soil level index means. The
placement structure includes a water-degradable film for resisting
movement of the seed away from the predetermined position.
The placement structure can include a compartment defined by the lower end
of the peg, the compartment having a first opening covered by the
water-degradable film. The compartment preferably has second opening that
is covered by the water-degradable film, and is structured such that the
compartment forms an aperture.
The compartment can include growth structure for permitting roots and
shoots growing from a germinated seed to emerge from the compartment
without substantial obstruction.
The water-degradable film can be fabricated of a polymeric material that
can be selected from the group consisting of polyvinylalcohol,
polyethylene oxide and methyl cellulose. The water-degradable film can
include an adhesive backing on a side facing the peg for adhering the film
to the peg, and include film apertures for permitting growth of a root
shoot and a stem shoot out of the aperture of the peg.
Structure for retaining moisture in contact with the seed, such as a porous
material, can be placed within the peg compartment such that, after the
seed carrier and marker is set in the ground and watered, the porous
material will absorb and retain water and maintain a moist contact with
the seed, thereby aiding in germinating the seed.
The peg can be fabricated of a degradable material, such as wood,
cardboard, a bio-degradable material or a photo-degradable polymeric
material.
The foregoing objects and aspects of the invention will be more fully
understood from the following description of the invention with reference
to exemplary embodiments as illustrated in the drawings appended hereto.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
There are shown in the drawings certain exemplary embodiments of the
invention as presently preferred. It should be understood that the
invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed as examples, and is
capable of variations within the scope of the appended claims. In the
drawings,
FIG. 1 is an elevation view of a seed carrier and marker of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view through line 2--2 of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a seed carrier and marker set in the ground
and illustrating the growth of a germinated seed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring now to the drawings, FIGS. 1-3 illustrate an embodiment of a seed
carrier and marker, or planter, 10 according to the invention. FIG. 1
shows the planter 10 in front elevation view and FIG. 2 shows a sectional
view of the planter 10 illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 shows placement of
the planter 10 in soil 11. For convenience of description, similar
structures illustrated in different figures will be referred to by the
same reference numbers in the following description.
The planter 10 includes an elongated peg 12 that is preferably fabricated
of a degradable material, such as, for example, wood, cardboard, a
bio-degradable material or a photo-degradable polymeric material. The peg
12 includes an upper end 14 and a lower end 16 that preferably includes a
tapered point 18. A soil level index marker 20 indicates a preferred depth
for placement of the peg 12 into soil 11. In this embodiment the index
marker 20 is a horizontal line inscribed or etched into the peg 12,
however, other types of structures can be used. Other indicia 22 can
provide, for example, plant identification, planting instructions, and
plant care instructions.
The lower end 14 of the peg 12 defines placement structure 24 for
positioning a seed 26 at about a predetermined position a selected
distance below the soil level index marker 20. In the embodiment
illustrated in the figures, the placement structure 24 includes a
compartment, preferably a peg aperture 28 that extends through the peg
that is defined by the lower end 16 of the peg 12 and having spaced apart
first and second openings 30, 32, respectively. The seed 26 is positioned
in the aperture 28, and a water-degradable film 34 positioned over the
first and second openings 30, 32 resists movement of the seed 26 away from
the predetermined position. The water-degradable film 34 is preferably
translucent such that the seed 26 is viewable from outside the
compartment.
Water-degradable film 34 preferably includes an adhesive layer (not shown),
as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, located on one
side for adhering to the peg 12. Water-degradable film 34 can be
fabricated of a polymeric material that is well known in the art of
agrochemical packaging, such as, for example, a polymer selected from the
group consisting of polyvinylalcohol, polyethylene oxide and methyl
cellulose. One type of suitable water-degradable film can be Water Wash
Away Tape, available from AD Tape & Label of Menomenee Falls, Wis., which
film comes with an adhesive on each side covered by a peel-away paper
backing. The use of water-degradable film 34 permits the use of larger
seed varieties than was otherwise practical with prior art seed carriers
and markers. The adhesive is preferably water-soluble so as to leave a
minimal residue.
The placement structure 24 preferably includes growth structure for
allowing roots 36 and shoots 38 growing from a germinated seed 26 to
emerge from the compartment without substantial obstruction. The growth
structure can, for example, be in the form of film apertures 40,
perforations (not shown), flaps (not shown) or other types of "weak spots"
in the water-degradable film 34.
It is also useful to include a wetting structure 42 in the compartment for
providing moisture to the seed 26 after the planter 10 is set in the
ground and watered. The wetting structure 42 can be a porous material,
such as, for example, felt or blotter paper, that the seed 26 rests upon.
The wetting structure 42 can be impregnated with one or more preferably
water-soluble agrochemicals, such as a fertilizer, fungicide or pesticide,
for enhancing the development of a plant growing from the seed 26.
Alternatively, granular agrochemicals (not shown) can also be simply set
alongside the seed 26, or the seed 26 can be coated with water-soluble
agrochemicals.
The aperture 28 is sized to hold one or more seeds of a selected seed
variety. The selected seed variety can be the seed of an ornamental
flower, such as, for example, bachelor button, marigold, morning glory,
sunflower, or any number of wild flower varieties. The selected seed
variety can also be a seed of a vegetable or fruiting plant, such as, for
example, bean, carrot, cucumber, eggplant, gourd, green bean, melon,
pretty cabbage, pumpkin, radish, squash, watermelon, zucchini, or other
vegetable. The selected seed variety can also be a seed of a deciduous or
coniferous tree or shrub. Of course, the selected distance between the
aperture 28 and the index marker 20 is determined by the ideal planting
depth of the seed variety. The aperture 28 is preferably at least about
0.25 inches wide, at least about 0.25 inches high and at least about 0.25
inches deep. For large seed varieties, such as various beans, the aperture
is preferably about 0.5 inches wide, about 0.75 inches high and about
0.375 inches deep.
The peg 12 illustrated in the figures is fabricated of a rigid
photo-degradable polymeric material that can be formed into a selected
shape. A polymer, such as a polyolefin or polyethylene, can be made
photo-degradable by introducing impurity molecules containing oxygen
and/or heavy metals. Under the action of ultraviolet light, in particular,
the impurity molecules form free radicals that can rupture the bonds in
the polymer to make it fragile. The degree of photo-degradability can be
selected by adjusting the impurity level in the polymer such that upper
end 14 of the peg 12 degrades after a predetermined exposure of the peg to
sunlight after planting. Photo-degradable polymeric materials are well
known for uses such as for mulch film, packing materials and trash bags.
Suitable polymeric materials for use with the invention include a
Scott-Gilead formula, available from Plastigone of Fort Myers, Fla., or
Ecolyte film, available from Ecolyte of Toronto, Canada, or Polygrade
film, available from Ampacet of White Plains, N.Y.
Alternatively, the peg 12 can be fabricated of a bio-degradable material,
such as, for example, a bio-degradable plastic resin that may contain corn
starch, or a potatostarch-based plastic.
To use the planter 10, the peg 12 is inserted in the soil 11 such that the
lower end 16 is covered up to the index marker 20. Watering the soil
degrades the film 34, allowing the wetting structure 42 and the seed 26 to
be moistened. Moisture can also enter the compartment via film apertures
40. Wetting structure 42 retains water and, since the seed 26 is in
contact with it, allows the seed to remain moistened by capillary action,
thus enhancing the probability of germination. Fertilizers or other
agrochemicals incorporated into the wetting structure 42 or otherwise
included in the compartment help the seedling grow. The photo- or
bio-degradability of the peg 12 can be selected such the upper end 14 will
not degrade for a period of weeks and will serve as a marker for the
seedling until it is mature enough to be recognizable.
Whereas particular embodiments of the invention have been described
hereinabove for purposes of illustration, it will be appreciated by those
skilled in the art that numerous variations of the details may be made
without departing from the invention as described in the appended claims.
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