Back to EveryPatent.com
United States Patent |
5,712,531
|
Rademacher
,   et al.
|
January 27, 1998
|
High-pressure discharge lamp with a sintered compact containing
lanthanum oxide
Abstract
The invention concerns high-pressure discharge lamps, whose electrodes have
a sintered compact (5) containing lanthanum oxide acting as an electron
emitter, and this compact is surrounded by an electrode coil (6). Sintered
compact (5) contains at least 90 weight % lanthanum oxide. In this way, a
high thermal stability of sintered compact (5) and a good ignition
performance of the lamp are assured with only negligible blackening of the
discharge vessel over the service life of the lamp.
Inventors:
|
Rademacher; Albert (Koln, DE);
Rosner; Ulrich (Wipperfurth, DE)
|
Assignee:
|
Patent - Truehand - Gesellshaft fuer electrishe Gluelampen mbH (Munich, DE)
|
Appl. No.:
|
688595 |
Filed:
|
July 30, 1996 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
| Aug 17, 1995[DE] | 195 30 293.1 |
Current U.S. Class: |
313/631; 252/520.5; 252/521.1; 313/311; 313/346R; 313/633 |
Intern'l Class: |
H01J 017/04; H01J 061/73 |
Field of Search: |
313/630,631,346 R,311,352,491,575
252/521
|
References Cited
Foreign Patent Documents |
0647964 | Oct., 1994 | EP.
| |
55-15545 | Dec., 1988 | JP.
| |
Other References
High temperature metal halide chemistry, proceedings of the symposium on
. Hildenbrand & D.D. Cubiciotti pp. 85 -95.
|
Primary Examiner: Patel; Ashok
Assistant Examiner: Patidar; Jay M.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: McNeil; William H.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. High-pressure discharge lamp with a light-transparent, gas-tight, sealed
discharge vessel (1), an ionizable filler enclosed therein, and electrodes
(4) extending into the discharge space and sealed in discharge vessel (1),
and these electrodes are joined with current leads (2), whereby electrodes
(4) have a sintered compact (5) containing lanthanum oxide and an
electrode coil (6), which surrounds sintered compact (5),
is hereby characterized in that sintered compact (5) contains at least 90
weight % lanthanum oxide.
2. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that sintered compact (5) comprises lanthanum oxide.
3. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that sintered compact (5) contains barium oxide and tungsten oxide.
4. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that sintered compact (5) comprises lanthanum oxide, barium oxide, and
tungsten oxide.
5. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that electrode coil (6) is designed as two ply.
6. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that the end of electrode coil (6) on the discharge side projects over
sintered compact (5) and has a constricted inner diameter, whereby the
inner diameter in the constricted end of the coil is smaller than the
thickness or the diameter of sintered compact (5).
7. High-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, further characterized
in that electrode coil (6) is pushed onto one end of the respective
electrode rod (4).
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to high-pressure discharge lamps and more
particularly to such high-pressure discharge lamps having a
light-transparent, gas-tight, sealed discharge vessel, an ionizable filler
enclosed therein, and electrodes extending into the discharge space and
sealed in the discharge vessel. These electrodes are joined with current
leads whereby the electrodes have a sintered compact containing lanthanum
oxide and an electrode coil which surrounds the sintered compact.
BACKGROUND ART
Such high-pressure discharge lamps are disclosed, for example, in Japanese
Patent Application JP 55(1980)155,457. This patent application describes a
high-pressure discharge lamp with electrodes, which have a metal rod
projecting into the discharge space and a cylindrical sintered compact
containing lanthanium oxide as well as an electrode coil. The sintered
compact is arranged at the free end of the metal rod and is surrounded by
the electrode coil. The electrode coil also encloses the end of the metal
electrode rod that is mined toward the sintered compact. The sintered
compact is shaped like an electron emitter. It does not contain
radioactive thorium oxide, but is comprised of lanthanum oxide, yttrium
oxide and tungsten, whereby lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide together
have a weight proportion of 0.2-60% of the sintered compact. The ratio of
lanthanum oxide to yttrium oxide amounts to 0.5-50 molar %. It is a
disadvantage that this electron emitter does not possess sufficient
thermal stability over the service life of the lamp.
A high-pressure discharge lamp with a nonradioactive electron emitter is
also disclosed in the Offenlegungsschrift ›Unexamined! EP 0 647,964. This
electron emitter comprises a first metal oxide with a relatively high
electron work function, which is selected from the group of hafnium oxide
and zirconium oxide, and of a second metal oxide with a relatively low
electron work function, which is selected from the group of yttrium oxide,
lanthanum oxide, cerium oxide, and scandium oxide. This electron emitter
possesses a relatively large number of components, it is not sufficiently
thermally stable over the service life of the lamp, and is not neutral in
color in discharge.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
It is, therefore, an object of the invention to produce a high-pressure
discharge lamp with an improved electron emitter, which possesses, in
particular, a thermal stability that is sufficient over the service life
of the lamp and assures a good ignition performance of the lamp with as
small as possible a blackening of the discharge container.
It is another object of the invention to obviate the disadvantages of the
prior art.
Yet another object of the invention is the enhancement of high pressure
discharge lamps.
These objects are resolved, according to one aspect of the invention, by
provision of a high-pressure discharge lamp with a light-transparent,
gas-tight, sealed discharge vessel having therein an ionizable filler.
Electrodes extend into the discharge space and are sealed in the discharge
vessel. These electrodes are joined with current leads whereby the
electrodes have a sintered compact containing lanthanum oxide and an
electrode coil which surrounds the sintered compact. The sintered compact
contains at least 90 weight % lanthanum oxide.
The high-pressure discharge lamp according to the invention possesses
electrodes, which are equipped with a sintered compact acting as the
electron emitter. The sintered compact is surrounded by an electrode coil
and contains at least 90 weight % of lanthanum oxide according to the
invention. In this way, the sintered compact receives a high thermal
stability over the entire service life of the lamp and there is no
noteworthy blackening of the discharge vessel. Also, the lamp has a good
ignition performance with this electron emitter. According to a
particularly preferred first example of embodiment, the sintered compact
is comprised exclusively of lanthanum oxide. This sintered compact has a
very high thermal stability and causes practically no blackening of the
discharge vessel over the entire service life of the lamp. It has been
shown that the addition of other substances with a small electron work
function, such as, for example, yttrium oxide, is not unconditionally
necessary in order to obtain a satisfactory ignition performance of the
lamp. According to a second particularly preferred example of embodiment,
the sintered compact contains another electron emitter, in addition to
lanthanum oxide, and this consists of the two components barium oxide and
tungsten oxide, which result from a eutectic mixture of barium carbonate
and tungsten oxide. The ignition performance of the high-pressure
discharge lamp is improved still further by the small addition of this
other electron emitter to the lanthanum oxide, and the blackening behavior
is only slightly adversely affected when compared with the first example
of embodiment. In addition, it has proven advantageous to use a two-ply
wound electron coil, which surrounds the sintered compact. In this way,
the sintered compact emitting electrons is heated to a relatively higher
temperature during the ignition phase and thus the thermal electron
emission is improved. The end of the electrode* coil on the discharge side
advantageously projects over the sintered compact and has a constricted
inner diameter, which is smaller than the diameter of the sintered
compact, whereas the other end of the electrode coil encloses the end of
the electrode rod bounding the sintered compact. On the one hand, the
attachment of the sintered compact to the electrode rod is improved by
this measure, and on the other hand, the blackening of the discharge
vessel is reduced further by emitter material that is sputtered.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 shows a cross section through the discharge vessel of a
high-pressure discharge lamp; and
FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a lamp
electrode, partially cut away.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows the structure of the discharge vessel of the high-pressure
discharge lamp according to the two examples of embodiment that will be
described more closely. Discharge vessel 1 is essentially cylindrical and
it can comprises quartz glass. It has two gas-tight sealed ends 1a, 1b,
into which an electrode system is sealed in the known way. The electrodes
each have a current lead 2, which is joined by means of a molybdenum foil
seal 3 with an electrode rod 4 comprised of a high-melting metal, such as
molybdenum or tungsten, for example. Electrode rods 4 end in the discharge
space and are aligned axially in discharge vessel 1. A sintered compact 5
wound by an electrode coil 6 is attached at the end of electrode rod 4 on
the discharge side. Particulars of the lamp electrodes are illustrated
schematically in FIG. 2. Electrode coil 6 is designed as two-ply. The
diameter of electrode rod 4 is approximately 1.0 mm for a halogen metal
vapor high-pressure discharge lamp with an electrical power consumption of
approximately 2000 W, corresponding to the two examples of embodiment
described here. The diameter of sintered compact 5 is only slightly
smaller. Electrode coil 6 is pushed onto the end of electrode rod 4 on the
discharge side. It closely envelops sintered compact 5 and the end of
electrode rod 4 on the discharge side and also projects out over the end
of sintered compact 5 on the discharge side. The inner diameter of
electrode coil 6 is constricted to approximately 0.7 mm on the end on the
discharge side, and is thus smaller than the diameter of electrode rod 4
and sintered compact 5. The diameter of the coil wire amounts to
approximately 0.8 min. In the first example of embodiment, sintered
compact 5 exclusively comprises lanthanum oxide. It has a mass of
approximately 10 mg.
The second example of embodiment differs from the first example of
embodiment only by the composition of sintered compact 5. According to the
second example of embodiment, sintered compact 5 comprises 95.1 weight %
lanthanum oxide and 4.9 weight % of another electron emitter, which in
turn comprises barium oxide and tungsten oxide. The total weight of the
sintered compact is approximately 10 mg. For the production of sintered
compact 5, a eutectic mixture of barium carbonate and tungsten oxide, i.e.
22.04 weight % barium carbonate with 77.96 weight % tungsten oxide is
prepared, which is then mixed with the lanthanum oxide with the addition
of nitrocellulose binder. The weight component of lanthanum oxide in the
mixture amounts to approximately 94.8 weight % without considering the
nitrocellulose binder, and the proportion of eutectic mixture then amounts
to approximately 5.2 weight percent. This mixture is pressed into rods,
cut, and sintered in a hydrogen atmosphere. The binder is thoroughly
heated during the sintering process and the barium carbonate is converted
to barium oxide.
The invention is not limited to the above examples of embodiment that are
described in detail. Sintered compacts according to the invention may also
be used for other types of high-pressure discharge lamps. Only the
dimensions and the mass of the sintered compact must be appropriately
adapted.
Top