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United States Patent |
5,581,492
|
Janik
|
December 3, 1996
|
Flexible wearable computer
Abstract
A flexible wearable computer in the form of a belt comprising in
combination, elements for computing comprising a microprocessor module, a
RAM-I/O module, a plurality of mass memory modules, a power supply module,
and a plurality of bus termination modules operationally associated with a
plurality of flexible signal relaying means. The computing elements are
mechanically associated with a flexible non-stretchable member, and a
protective covering means. The flexible non-stretchable wearable member is
secured around various parts of the body. An input and output device is
connected to the flexible wearable computer by the I/O bus attached to the
output and input ports.
Inventors:
|
Janik; Craig M. (Palo Alto, CA)
|
Assignee:
|
Key Idea Development, L.L.C. (Northfield, MN)
|
Appl. No.:
|
600669 |
Filed:
|
February 13, 1996 |
Current U.S. Class: |
361/683; 361/680; 361/730; D14/300 |
Intern'l Class: |
G06F 001/16; H05K 005/00 |
Field of Search: |
364/708.1,709.11,712
361/680,683,686
235/462,472
|
References Cited
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4096577 | Jun., 1978 | Ferber et al. | 364/712.
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4545023 | Oct., 1985 | Mizzi | 364/709.
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4607156 | Aug., 1986 | Koppenaal et al. | 235/472.
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4633881 | Jan., 1987 | Moore et al. | 128/659.
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4756940 | Jul., 1988 | Payne et al. | 428/78.
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4825471 | May., 1989 | Jennings | 2/94.
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4845650 | Jul., 1989 | Meade et al. | 361/680.
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4882685 | Nov., 1989 | vander Lely | 364/709.
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4899039 | Feb., 1990 | Taylor et al. | 250/208.
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4916441 | Apr., 1990 | Gombrich | 345/169.
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5003300 | Mar., 1991 | Wells | 345/8.
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5007427 | Apr., 1991 | Suzuki et al. | 128/659.
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5024360 | Jun., 1991 | Rodriguez | 2/102.
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5029260 | Jul., 1991 | Rollason | 235/145.
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5035242 | Jul., 1991 | Franklin et al. | 607/108.
|
5067907 | Nov., 1991 | Shotey | 439/135.
|
5078134 | Jan., 1992 | Heilman et al. | 607/4.
|
5105067 | Apr., 1992 | Brekkestran et al. | 219/497.
|
5144120 | Sep., 1992 | Krichever et al. | 235/472.
|
5158039 | Oct., 1992 | Clark | 119/712.
|
5208449 | May., 1993 | Eastman et al. | 235/462.
|
5267181 | Nov., 1993 | George | 364/709.
|
5272324 | Dec., 1993 | Blevins | 235/462.
|
5278730 | Jan., 1994 | Kikinis | 361/686.
|
5305181 | Apr., 1994 | Schultz | 361/680.
|
5305244 | Apr., 1994 | Newman et al. | 364/708.
|
5329106 | Jul., 1994 | Hone et al. | 235/472.
|
5416310 | May., 1995 | Little | 235/462.
|
Foreign Patent Documents |
1887091 | Mar., 1975 | GB.
| |
0264956 | Apr., 1988 | WO.
| |
Other References
Leslie Helm; Japan Turns Fanciful in the Evolution of Computers; Los
Angeles Times; Oct. 14, 1991; Business Section; p. 1, Part D, col. 2.
IBM Technical Information Bulletin, Wearable Interconnection For Portable
Computers, vol. 34, No. 10B, Mar. 1992, p. 30.
|
Primary Examiner: Envall, Jr.; Roy N.
Assistant Examiner: Moise; Emmanuel L.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Patterson & Keough, P.A.
Parent Case Text
This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 08/192,636 filed Feb. 7,
1994, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,491,651, which in turn is a Continuation-In-Part
of 07/884,117, filed May 15, 1992, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,295,398.
Claims
I claim:
1. A flexible wearable computer comprising:
elements for computing including a plurality of mechanically separated but
functionally intact components of a computing device;
at least one flexible signal relaying portion operably connecting said
elements for computing, the flexible signal relaying portion having
sufficient flex to allow the elements for computing to be moved with
respect to each other to accommodate a body morphology of a wearer of the
flexible wearable computer, the flexible signal relaying portion
comprising a plurality of signal-conducting elements extending between
each of said elements for computing; and
a flexible wearable member for supporting said elements for computing and
said flexible signal relaying portion, the flexible wearable member being
wearable on the body of the wearer of the flexible wearable computer.
2. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the flexible signal
relaying portion includes structure coupled with the plurality of
signal-conducting elements to maintain the plurality of signal-conducting
elements in substantially fixed relationship to each other between said
elements for computing.
3. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein at least one of the
elements for computing includes a microprocessor and at least one other of
the elements for computing includes computer memory.
4. The flexible wearable computer of claim 3, wherein the computer memory
includes random access memory.
5. The flexible wearable computer of claim 3, wherein the computer memory
includes a flash memory chip.
6. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein at least one of the
elements for computing is constructed to perform input operations and at
least one other of the elements for computing is constructed to perform
output operations.
7. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, further comprising an input
device operably coupled to said elements for computing.
8. The flexible wearable computer of claim 7, wherein the input device
comprises a touch-sensitive surface for generating input signals.
9. The flexible wearable computer of claim 7, wherein the input device is
remote from the flexible wearable member of the flexible wearable
computer.
10. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, further comprising an output
device operably coupled to the elements for computing.
11. The flexible wearable computer of claim 10, wherein the output device
is remote from the flexible wearable member of the flexible wearable
computer.
12. The flexible wearable computer of claim 10, wherein the output device
comprises a display device.
13. The flexible wearable computer of claim 12, wherein the display device
comprises a liquid crystal display device.
14. The flexible wearable computer of claim 12, wherein the display device
comprises a head-mounted display device.
15. The flexible wearable computer of claim 12, further comprising
structure for mounting the display device on the body of the wearer remote
from the flexible wearable member.
16. The flexible wearable member of claim 12, wherein the display device
includes a reflection device for displaying a computer-generated image to
the wearer.
17. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the flexible
wearable member is constructed to assist in covering said elements for
computing.
18. The flexible wearable computer of claim 17, wherein the flexible
wearable member supports a protective covering for the elements for
computing.
19. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the elements for
computing, the flexible signal relaying portion and flexible wearable
member are configured to provide hands-free operation of the flexible
wearable computer.
20. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the elements for
computing and the flexible wearable member are configured to substantially
evenly distribute the weight of the flexible wearable computer about the
body of the wearer.
21. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the flexible signal
relaying portion includes fiber optic material.
22. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, wherein the flexible
wearable member comprises cloth material.
23. The flexible wearable computer of claim 1, further including a device
for wirelessly connecting the flexible wearable computer to an area
network.
24. A wearable computer comprising:
elements for computing comprising a plurality of mechanically separated but
functionally intact components of a computing device, the elements for
computing being operably connected to permit relaying of signals between
the elements for computing, the elements for computing being movable with
respect to each other to accommodate a body morphology of a wearer of the
flexible wearable computer;
at least one signal relaying portion for relaying signals between the
elements for computing; and
structure supporting the elements for computing in substantially symmetric
weight-distribution about the body of the wearer.
25. The wearable computer of claim 24, wherein the signal relaying portion
includes structure that physically connects the elements for computing one
to another.
26. The wearable computer of claim 25, wherein the signal relaying portion
includes a plurality of signal-conducting elements.
27. The wearable computer of claim 26, wherein the signal relaying portion
includes structure coupled with the plurality of signal-conducting
elements to maintain the plurality of signal-conducting elements in
substantially fixed relationship to each other between said elements for
computing.
28. The wearable computer of claim 24, further comprising speech
recognition and speech synthesis interfaces operably connected to the
elements for computing to generate speech input and output signals.
29. The wearable computer of claim 24, wherein at least one of the elements
for computing includes a microprocessor, and at least one other of the
elements for computing includes computer memory.
30. A method of computing, comprising:
mechanically separated functionally intact elements for computing of a
computing device;
flexibly connecting said elements for computing with at least one flexible
signal relaying portion;
supporting the elements for computing and the flexible signal relaying
portion about the body of a wearer with a flexible wearable member;
flexing the flexible signal relaying portion to move the elements for
computing with respect to each other to accommodate a body morphology of
the wearer; and
relaying signals between the elements for computing with a plurality of
signal-conducting elements extending between the elements for computing,
the signal-conducting elements being included in the flexible signal
relaying portion.
31. A flexible computer comprising, in combination,
elements for computing comprising a plurality of mechanically separated but
functionally intact components of an otherwise integrated computer;
a flexible signal relaying portion operably coupling said elements for
computing;
a flexible wearable member, the elements for computing and the flexible
signal relaying portion being supported by the flexible wearable member;
a protective covering supported by the flexible wearable member for
enclosing said elements for computing and said flexible signal relaying
portion.
32. The flexible computer of claim 31, wherein the protective covering is a
separate piece from the flexible wearable member.
33. The flexible computer of claim 31, wherein the protective covering is
wrapped around the flexible wearable member.
34. A portable computer comprising, in combination,
elements for computing comprising an input device for inputting data, an
output device for outputting data, and a plurality of computing
components;
a flexible human-wearable member, the elements for computing being
supported by the flexible human-wearable member; and
a flexible signal relaying portion operably connecting the elements for
computing, the flexible signal relaying portion and the elements for
computing being covered by a covering portion.
Description
BACKGROUND--FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates generally to the field of portable computers, and
more specifically to a flexible, wearable computer that can be worn on the
body and repeatedly bent in an infinite number of planes without failure
of operation.
BACKGROUND--DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
Definitions
A computer system is defined as comprising three basic components: an input
device, an output device, and a computer. A computer is defined as
comprising memory, a processor, and associated support circuitry and
components. Memory comprises main memory which is volatile, and mass
storage memory which is usually nonvolatile. A portable computer system is
one that the user can easily carry around. Throughout this text the author
will refer to a computer to mean only and specifically the main and
secondary storage memory, the processor, and a power supply. The author
will also use volume to characterize both the size and the mass of
computers. This is because the overall density of silicon-based computers
is asymptotic to a constant. Therefore, volume will necessarily indicate a
maximum weight.
Integration
Small and therefore portable computers have resulted from the intersection
of innovations and inventions across a wide variety of domains and fields
including the arts of silicon manipulation, and mechanical and electrical
design, and component integration. Integration is the process of
decreasing the size of and the space between electrical elements, and it
has been the pathway to power reduction and speed But size reduction
accrued benefits independent of processing power. Computers that once
required buildings to house and small power plants to run can now be
comfortably lifted with one hand. Since integration and therefore
miniaturization has brought nearly all of the advances in service levels
to date, it is the major force in the creation of the prior art in
portable computing and the direction of future advancement for computer
construction in general.
There has been tremendous innovation and invention using integration as a
means of making computers portable. Computers are available that are small
enough to be lifted by one finger. The result has been explosive demand
for portable computing devices. Dataquest predicts that by 1994 sales of
portable computing devices will be well over $13 billion (Byte, volume 16,
number I1, p.194).
"Picocomputers" are the state of the art of integration as a means of
creating portable computers (New York Times, Mar. 23, 1992). Inventors
such as M. E. Jones, Jr. have developed a single chip that contain all of
the elements needed for a computer. This has allowed creation of computer
systems that can fit in the breast pocket of a man's jacket and run for
100 hours on a conventional flashlight battery. The major limitations of
these computer systems is that they have very small amounts of memory
greatly limiting the usefulness of the device for tasks to which most
computer users are accustomed. They also have very small input and output
devices which are slow and inconvenient to use.
Useful Portables
Other innovations include computers with increased processing abilities
that must be carried with one hand. These rigid rectilinear-shaped devices
fall into the classes lap-top, palm-top or hand-held computers and
increase the processing and memory capacity of the picocomputer by
including the required processors and memory power in a larger enclosure.
For the episodic portable computer user that spends little time actually
carrying these devices, these rigid rectilinear devices provide high
levels of service rivaling desk-top micro and minicomputers. For the
intensive user that processes large amounts of data and must also carry
the computer for long periods time, these devices have several
disadvantages.
First, research has shown that people carrying these computers for long
periods of time are prone to flexi carpi ulnaris tendoniris which can be
painful and debilitating. This affliction is due to prolonged and
simultaneous clenching of the fingers and flexing of the wrist, an action
unavoidable when carrying these devices.
Second, for intensive data acquisition applications, size once again is a
constraint. The amount of secondary memory required for implementation
makes this option impractical for portable computers in rigid rectilinear
packaging. On-board memory requirements have been sidestepped by including
wireless data links to a host computer for down-loading data. However,
these options are very costly, up to the cost of the computer itself, and
increase the volume of the devices by as much as a factor of two.
Furthermore, wireless communication is presently a very slow data transfer
process.
Third, field service research for Rockwell International has demonstrated
that user compliance of rigid rectilinear hand-carried and hand-held
computers is low, and gets lower as the size of the device increases.
Field service personnel expressed considerable displeasure with having to
lug a "brick" around during the execution of their task. Most notably it
restricted the use of their hands by virtue of one, or both being used to
carry the computer.
Wearable Portables
There has been innovation and invention to harness rigid rectilinear
computers on various parts of the body. Reddy Information Systems Inc. has
produced a computer called Red FIG. 1 that has a head mounted output
device (A) from Reflection Technologies called the Private Eye, and a
belt-mounted rigid rectilinear-packaged computer and input device (B)
secured by a belt harness (C) (New York Times, Mar. 29, 1992). Infogrip
Inc. and Select Tech Inc have combined technologies to produce the Hip Pc
in a similar configuration.
There are two main disadvantages to this approach. First, harnessing a
rigid rectilinear-packaged computer anywhere on the body creates an uneven
load on the spine. Prolonged wearing of such devices creates strain in the
supporting muscles opposite the place where the computer is harnessed.
Second, these configurations do not allow the human body to comfortably
contact a firm surface. The rigid rectilinear computer on a harness or
belt is literally a lump on the surface of the body. Lastly, rigid
rectilinear designs are inherently limited in expandability. To increase
processing power, hardware size must be increased. There is a volume limit
beyond which the computer is no longer portable.
There has been innovation and invention to make computers more comfortable
to wear. Hideji Takemasa of NEC Corp has created a variety of rigid
curvilinear-packaged computer models that conform to various parts of the
body FIG. 2 (Fortune, Jan. 13, 1992). These devices include a processor
and CD-ROM reader (D), and a fold out input/output device (E,F). Although
aesthetically more appealing than the rigid rectilinear lumps of the Red
and Hip PC models, the NEC models nonetheless suffer the same
disadvantages. The NEC curvilinear designs are rigid and dynamically
nonconforming and subject the spine to uneven loading. They also do not
allow comfortable contact of the human body with firm surfaces.
Furthermore, these rigid, curvilinear designs must be made in many sizes
since it is technically impossible to make one of these designs fit all
human morphologies. They are also inherently limited in expandability just
as the rigid rectilinear designs.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
The present invention exemplifies a new and unobvious art of a flexible
wearable computer. Briefly and generally, the flexible wearable computer
comprises a microprocessor, memory, an input/output controller, and a
power supply operably associated with one another through a flexible
signal relaying means. The assembly is supported by a tensile load bearing
means and protected by a compressive load bearing means. The
microprocessor, memory, input/output controller, and power supply are
mechanically associated in a module assembly such that the flexible
wearable computer can bend in an infinite number of planes without failure
of operation.
OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES
The most important advantage of the flexible wearable computer is that it
will always provide greater utility than rigid designs for those users
that must carry their computer around while processing large amounts of
data, regardless of the state of the art of integration and
miniaturization. That is, regardless of how much computer power can be
delivered in a given rigid package, providing a flexible wearable computer
allows more of that computer power to be comfortably carried by the user.
For example, even if a Cray super computer can be reduced to the size of a
wrist watch, the intensive computer user will find more utility in a
flexible computer that is an array of the microprocessors in the
wristwatch-sized Cray that is fashioned for instance as a comfortable
vest.
This relationship can be mathematically demonstrated with a common market
model adapted for computer power demand. Refer now to equation (1)
Q=c-aP+bs (1)
where,
Q=total amount of computers demanded in a specified context;
P=the price of computers sold in the marketplace for that context;
S=the service level provided by computers in that context.
The service level of a computer for any specified context is related to the
number of useful operations per second (UOPS). This value is driven by
several factors including the elegance of the program, memory size and
access time, and raw processing speed. Service level is also related to
volume. Volume is less critical when a user does not need to carry the
computer. It becomes a major determinant when a user must be ambulatory
while using a computer.
Service level can be defined as
##EQU1##
where, F=min{V.sub.H, V.sub.I };
V.sub.H =volume of the hardware;
##EQU2##
=power density and is roughly constant. That is, the greater the UOPS,
the larger the volume of the hardware.
V.sub.I =the constrained volume of user interface, that is, the largest
hardware volume the user can employ to accomplish a specific computing
task;
person=the number of individuals that must use the hardware.
For the majority of computing applications volume is irrelevant. Equations
(1) and (2) mathematically describe this observation. In these contexts,
the user is unconstrained by the volume of the hardware, and V.sub.I is
infinity making F equal to V.sub.H. Volume hence has no influence on the
service level (5) and therefore no influence on the quantity ((2) of
computers demanded.
However, for users that desire to or must carry a computer around, the
volume of the hardware becomes critical. Equations (1) and (2)
mathematically describe this observation also. There exists for any rigid
form factor a maximum volume (V.sub.I) beyond which the user cannot carry
a computer. (F) is then equal to (V.sub.I). Hence, increasing the power
density is the only means to increase service level and therefore quantity
demanded.
Now it is clear from equation (2) that if V.sub.I can be increased, V.sub.H
can also be increased thus increasing the UOPS obtainable. This can be
done without increasing power density. The flexible wearable computer
directly increases V.sub.I compared to rigid packaging schemes because it
allows hardware to be shaped like articles of clothing allowing the more
comfortably placement of larger volumes of hardware on various areas of
the body. It obviates the need to carry the entire hardware in one or both
hands. It also eliminates the uncomfortable nature of strapping a rigid
device onto one aspect of the body. It also eliminates the need to make a
variety of sizes such as the rigid curvilinear designs require.
Another advantage of the flexible wearable form factor is that by
implementing a computer as many small rigid elements instead of one large
rigid element, the bending moment across each element is smaller since the
area of each element is decreased. The bending moment is caused when a
rigid element is worn against the body and the body comes into contact
with any firm surface. Distributed or concentrated loads are applied
normal to the surface of the element. An example would be when a wearer
sat down in a chair. The firm elements of the chair would exert forces
against the rigid elements.
Further objects and advantages of the present invention are:
(a) To provide a flexible wearable computer that can be shaped into a
limitless variety of shapes and sizes.
(b) To provide a flexible wearable computer that can accommodate a wide
variety of human morphologies.
(c) To provide a flexible wearable computer that allows comfortable
hands-free portability.
(d) To provide a flexible wearable computer that symmetrically distributes
its volume and therefore evenly loads the spine.
(e) To provide a flexible wearable computer that eliminates flexi carpi
ulnaris tendoniris.
(f) To provide a flexible wearable computer that is comfortable to wear
while the human body is against a firm surface.
(g) To provide a flexible wearable computer that increases the compliance
of field service users by allowing hands-flee portability without
sacrificing comfort.
(h) To provide a flexible wearable computer whereby the computer can be
more comfortably carried and operated than an integrated computer of
comparable processing power in a rigid rectilinear or curvilinear
packages.
(i) To provide a flexible wearable computer that data transfer rates that
are faster than wireless communication systems.
(j) To provide a flexible wearable computer that can more easily and
comfortably be expanded than rigid package designs.
(k) To increase the ruggedness of a wearable computer by decreasing the
size and thus the bending moment across any rigid elements.
Other objects and advantages of the present invention and a full
understanding thereof may be had by referring to the following detailed
description and claims taken together with the accompanying illustrations.
The illustrations are described below in which like parts are given like
reference numerals in each of the drawings.
DRAWING FIGURES
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the prior art of a wearable portable
computer system produced by Reddy Information Systems called Red.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the prior art of a wearable portable
computer system by Takemasa of NEC Corporation.
FIG. 3 is a view of a user wearing the preferred embodiment of the flexible
wearable computer system which by definition includes an input/output
device.
FIG. 4 is a view of a user wearing the flexible wearable computer system
with the outer sheath ghosted.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the preferred embodiment of the flexible
wearable computer which by definition does not include the input/output
device.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the flexible wearable computer showing the
surface that contacts the body with the outer sheath partially removed.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the flexible wearable computer with the
outer sheath completely removed.
FIG. 8 is a perspective exploded assembly view of microprocessor module.
FIG. 9 is an orthographic cross sectional view of the microprocessor
module.
FIG. 10 is a perspective exploded assembly view of the RAM-I/O module.
FIG. 11 is a perspective exploded assembly view of the mass memory module.
FIG. 12 is a perspective exploded assembly view of the battery module.
FIG. 13 is an exploded assembly view of the bus termination module.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the flexible
wearable computer in the form of a vest.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the alternative embodiment in the form of
a vest with the outer sheath ghosted.
FIG. 16 is a rear perspective view of the alternative embodiment in the
form of a vest with the outer sheath ghosted.
FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a vest with a touch sensitive
flexible LCD output device worn wrapped around the forearm.
FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a belt with a hand-mounted
free-space pointer input device.
FIG. 19 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a belt with a tethered infra-red
transceiver worn on the shoulder.
FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a belt with a wireless infra-red
transceiver communication link between the belt and a hand held pen based
display device.
FIG. 21 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a vest with a wireless infra-red
transceiver communication link between the best and a heads-up display.
FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a vest with a projection display
mounted to it.
FIG. 23 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a headband with a heads-up display
mounted to it.
FIG. 24 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a belt with a split QWERTY
keyboard input device mounted to it.
FIG. 25 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in a form that wraps around the forearm.
FIG. 26 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a vest with a heads-up display
mounted in the breast area.
FIG. 27 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a vest with an ear clip speaker
and microphone input/output device tethered to it.
FIG. 28 is a schematic perspective view of the user wearing the flexible
wearable computer system in the form of a garment with motion sensors
integrated into the garment.
FIG. 29 is a schematic perspective view showing the computer in a totally
hands-free operation.
DRAWING REFERENCE NUMERALS
______________________________________
A Reflection Technologies Private Eye wearable display
B Reddy Informatrion Systems 1) 05 rigid rectilinear
personal computer and RAM card reader
C Padded harness
D NEC Corporation's personal computer and CD-ROM
reader
E NEC Corporation's input device
F NEC Corporation's output device
002a Flexible circuit
002b Flexible circuit
002c Flexible circuit
002d Flexible circuit
002e Flexible circuit
002f Flexible circuit
004 Tensile load, strap
005a Belt latch, male
005b Belt latch, female
006 Foam sheath
010 Module recess
011a Eyelet snap
011b Eyelet snap
046 Seam surface
060 Portable input/output device
061 I/O bus
100 Bus termination module
112 Bus termination resistors
114 Bus termination printed circuit board
115 Bus termination module solder pins
116 Bus termination plated via holes
200 Microprocessor module
212 Microprocessor
212a Microprocessor support components
214 Microprocessor printed circuit board
215 Microprocessor printed circuit board solder pins
216 Microprocessor plated via holes
217 Microprocessor module top shell
218 Microprocessor module bottom shell
219 Microprocessor module boss
220 Holes for microprocessor module assembly
222 Microprocessor module retention plate
223 Microprocessor module self tapping screw
300 RAM-I/O module
314 RAM-I/O printed circuit board
317 RAM-I/O module top shell
322 RAM-I/O module retnetion plate
323 RAM-I/O port bezel
324 Random access memory chips
325 RAM-I/O Module orifice
326 Output device port
327 Input device port
328 Communications port
347 Input/output processor
347a Support circuitry components
400 Mass memory module
412 Flash memory chip
414 Mass memory circuit board
417 Mas memory module top shell
500 Battery module
508 Battery bezel
514 Battery module printed circuit board
517 Battery module top shell
523 Battery module self tapping screw
530 Battery cartridge
531 Battery fixture
533 Voltage regulation components
______________________________________
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring now to the drawings, with particular attention to FIG. 3. The
method of using the flexible wearable computer is straight forward. The
user adjusts the flexible wearable computer to fit comfortably around the
waist by varying the connection of male and female belt latches 005a, 005b
to a flexible tensile load strap 004. An input/output device 060 is a pen
based liquid crystal display device that has a clip allowing easy
attachment to a flexible compressive foam sheath 006 when not in use. The
input/output device is connected to the processor and mass memory by an
I/O bus 061.
FIG. 5 demonstrates the detail of the preferred embodiment. The computer is
entirely encased in foam sheath 006 injection-molded out of antimicrobial
microcellular polyurethane foam (such as Poron, available from Rogers
Corporation), and varies in thickness from 0.140 inches thick to 0.250
inches thick, and is approximately 15.0 inches long. Flexible compressive
foam sheath 006 necks (narrows) down at each end such that the opening in
foam sheath 006 is the same width as tensile load strap 004. Tensile load
strap 004 is a belt strap consists of woven aramid fibers (otherwise known
as Kevlar, available from Dupont), but could consist of common nylon
strapping or thin steel stranded cables. Tensile load strap 004 is
approximately 2.0 inches.times.0.02 inches.times.47.0 inches. A port bezel
323 is adhered to foam sheath 006 with adhesive. It allows output device
port 326, input device port 327, and communications port 328 to be exposed
through foam sheath 006. A battery bezel 508 is adhered to foam sheath
006. Port bezel 323 and battery bezel 508 are all injection-molded out of
ABS plastic.
FIG. 7 demonstrates the structure beneath foam sheath 006 of the preferred
embodiment. Five different types of modules 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 are
electrically connected to each other by polyamide (Kapton, available from
Dupont) flexible circuits 002a, 002b, 002c, 002d, 002e, 002f. Each
computer component module 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 is affixed to the
tensile load strap 004. The two-part belt latch 005a and 005b is connected
to each end of tensile load strap 004.
Referring now to FIG. 6, the flexible wearable computer is demonstrated
with foam sheath 006 partially open revealing a molded-in module recess
010 which is approximately 0.125 inches deep. Each module 100, 200, 300,
400, 500 is seated in a separate module recess 010. FIG. 6 also reveals
that foam sheath 006 is fastened to tensile load strap 004 by a pair of
eyelet snaps 011a and 011b, located at both narrowed ends of foam sheath
006. Seam surface 046 which run the bottom length of foam sheath 006, are
fastened to each other with adhesive.
Microprocessor Module
Referring to FIG. 8, the microprocessor module 200 is demonstrated.
Microprocessor 212 and microprocessor support components 212a are of
surface mount size, and are soldered to a microprocessor printed circuit
board 214. The dimensions of microprocessor printed circuit board 214 are
approximately 2.25 inches.times.1.55 inches.times.0.06 inches. At each of
the long edges of microprocessor printed circuit board 214 are an array of
microprocessor printed circuit board solder pins 215 which register with a
corresponding array of plated via holes 216 on flexible circuit 002b.
Solder pins 215 are soldered into plated via holes 16. Flexible circuit
002b and microprocessor printed circuit board 214 are sandwiched between a
microprocessor module top shell 217 and microprocessor module bottom shell
218. Flexible circuit 002b is approximately 2.65 inches long.times.2.00
inches wide.times.0.006 inches thick. Microprocessor module bosses 219
extend from the microprocessor module top shell 217 through holes 220 in
flexible circuit 002b and microprocessor printed-circuit board 214. The
mechanical registration and therefore electrical connection of plated via
holes 216 with solder pins 215 is held true by bosses 219.
Microprocessor module top shell 217 and bottom shell 218 are shown in
cross-section in FIG. 9 as having approximately a 0.10 inch radius edge
detail curving away from flexible circuit 002b. This feature provides a
limit on the radius of curvature experienced by flexible circuit 002b.
Tensile load strap 004 is fastened against microprocessor module bottom
shell 218 by microprocessor module retention plate 222 and self-tapping
screws 223. Self tapping screws 223 fasten the entire assembly together by
screwing into bosses 219 on microprocessor module top shell 217.
RAM-I/O and Mass Memory Modules
FIG. 10 demonstrates RAM-I/O module 300. It has the same basic construction
as microprocessor module 200 except for two differences. First, instead of
a microprocessor, random access memory chip 324 and input/output processor
347 and support circuitry components 347a, are soldered onto RAM-I/O
circuit board 314. Second, output device port 326, input device port 327,
and communications port 328 are electrically connected to RAM-I/O
printed-circuit board 314, and extend through RAM-I/O module orifice 325
in RAM-I/O module top shell 317. Flexible circuit 002c is registered and
fastened against RAM-I/O printed-circuit board 314 the same way as with
the previously described microprocessor module 200. RAM-I/O module 300 is
also connected to tensile load strap 004 in the same way as in previously
described microprocessor module 200.
FIG. 11 demonstrates mass memory module 400. Multiple mass memory modules
are shown in the preferred embodiment and are identical except for their
software addresses, and have the same basic construction as microprocessor
module 200 except for two differences. First, instead of a microprocessor,
flash memory chip 412 (of which there are four) are soldered to
printed-circuit board 414. Flexible circuits 002d, 002e are registered and
fastened against printed-circuit board 414 the same was as in previously
described modules 200. Mass memory modules 400 are also connected to
tensile load strap 004 in the same way as in previously described module
200.
Battery and Bus Termination Modules
FIG. 12 demonstrates a battery module 500 containing a battery cartridge
530 held by a battery fixture 531, and a battery module top shell 517.
Battery fixture 531 is fastened onto a printed-circuit board 514 with a
screw 523. Voltage regulation components 533 are of surface mount size,
and are soldered to printed-circuit board 514. Flexible circuit 002f is
registered and fastened against printed-circuit board 514 the same was as
in previously described module 200. Module top shell 517 and module bottom
shell 518 are fastened the same way as in previously described module 200.
Battery module 500 is also connected to tensile load strap 004 in the same
way as in previously described module 200.
A bus termination module 100 is shown in FIG. 13. Bus termination resistors
112 are of surface mount size and soldered to a bus termination circuit
board 114. Bus termination circuit board 114 measures approximately 2.00
inches.times.0.30 inches.times.0.06 inches. Bus termination circuit board
114 has an array of bus termination module solder pins along one long edge
which register with bus termination plated via holes 116 on flexible
circuit 002f. Flexible circuits 002a and 002f measure approximately I.S
inches long.times.2.00 inches wide.times.0.006 inches. Bus termination
module is connected to tensile load strap 004 in the same way as in
previously described module 200.
SUMMARY, RAMIFICATIONS AND SCOPE
Accordingly, the reader will see that the flexible computer has the
advantage of increasing the service level of portable computer hardware
while also increasing the comfort of using the hardware. In addition, the
flexible wearable computer has the advantages of:
accommodating a wide variety of human morphologies;
allowing hands-free carrying and operation;
allowing the user to comfortably sit or lie while wearing the device;
allowing the weight of the computer to be symmetrically distributed on the
body;
eliminating the muscle and tendon strain associated with carrying rigid
rectilinear computers;
increasing the compliance of field service personnel that must use a
computer;
allowing significantly larger amounts of secondary flash memory to be
comfortably carried by the user;
allowing expansion more easily and comfortably than rigid designs; and
increasing the ruggedness of a mobile wearable computer by decreasing the
area of the rigid elements, thereby decreasing the bending moment across
each element.
Although the description above contains many specificities, these should
not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but merely
providing illustration of some of the presently preferred embodiments of
this invention. The flexible wearable computer could be implemented in
many different ways. For example, each module could be potted with a solid
thermoset plastic rather than have a two part shell. The flexible tensile
load bearing means could consist of individually twisted aramid fibers
encased in the potting compound. The flexible tensile load bearing means
could be fibers woven into cloth or even a homogeneous thin layer of
material. The flexible signal relaying means could be glued or otherwise
permanently attached to the tensile load bearing means.
Components and support circuitry need not be surface mount size and
soldered. The components may be affixed to the circuit board with
conductive epoxy. The computer may be made even thinner and more flexible
by implementing it using chip-on-board manufacturing technology. Each
integrated circuit would be bonded directly to a small printed circuit
board and the terminals would be electrically connected to the board. Each
IC would be covered with an epoxy dab. Each discrete circuit board module
could be as small as a 0.5 square inch.
The computer could be implemented as one long multilayer polyamide
flexible, or rigid-flex, circuit board. As an entirely flexible board, the
module shells would rigidify the areas populated with electronic
components. As a rigid-flex design, the sections with electronic
components would be laminated with rigid fiberglass board stiffeners.
The flexible signal relaying means could be discrete wires or discrete non
metallic filament. It could be produced with ink traces or any type of
non-metallic, flexible conductive material. The computer could be
implemented as a fiber optic device. The flexible circuit could be optical
fiber filaments instead of metallic or non-metallic conductors. Also, the
flexible signal relaying means could be an easily detachable and
re-attachable bus that is disposable.
Furthermore, the configuration of the flexible wearable computer need not
be in a belt. The module and bus assembly can be fashioned in a variety of
ways. FIG. 14 demonstrates an alternative embodiment of the flexible
wearable computer in the shape of a vest for increasing the number of
elements for computing. FIG. 15 shows the foam sheath of the vest removed
revealing an increased number of modules. FIG. 16 demonstrates the bus
arrangement to accommodate the increased number of modules thereby greatly
expand the memory and processing capacity of the flexible wearable
computer.
Referring now to FIG. 17, the computer is shown there in the form of a
vest. The output device is a touch sensitive flexible LCD 534 worn on the
forearm. The wearer controls the computer by touching virtual graphical
elements on the LCD with the right hand. There is an infra-red wireless
data link between the computer and the LCD via infra-red transceivers 535
and 536.
FIG. 18 demonstrates a configuration with the computer in the form of a
belt, a free-space pointer input device 537 and a Private Eye heads-up
display 538 as the output device. A free-space pointer, such as a
GyroPoint, translates relative three-dimensional motion of the hand into
digital pulses which are monitored by the computer. Software drivers
translate the digital pulses into corresponding movements of the cursor in
the virtual screen generated by the heads-up display. Both the free-space
pointer 537 and the heads-up display 538 are functionally connected to the
computer via tethers 539 and 540.
FIG. 19 shows a method of wirelessly connecting the computer, in the form
of a belt, to a Local Area Network (LAN). An infra-red transceiver 541,
such as Photonics Infra-red Transceiver, is functionally connected to the
computer via a tether 542. The transceiver communicates via infra-red
pulses with a plurality of infra-red repeaters 543 mounted overhead in the
environment. Wireless communication could also be of radio-frequency type
in which case the computer receiver would be included as a disintegrated
module as shown in FIG. 15.
In FIG. 20, the configuration is the same as FIG. 3, but instead of a
hardwired connection, both the computer and pen-based display device 60
have wireless infra-red pulse transceivers 544 and 545. The pen-based
display 60 sends pen location data to the computer and the computer sends
corresponding graphical information to the pen-based device 60.
FIG. 21 demonstrates a wireless infra-red communication link between a
Private Eye heads-up display 538 and the computer. An infra-red receiver
546 is located on the heads-up display. An infra-red transceiver 547 is
located in the shoulder area of the computer.
In FIG. 22, an LCD projection display 548 is mounted on the front abdominal
area of the computer, which is in the form of a vest. This device works by
projecting a strong light through an LCD that is controlled by a computer,
and then through a focusing lens. The LCD projection display 548 projects
a computer generated image of any reflective, flat surface, such as a
reflection pad 548' hanging from the user's waist, or the user's palm. To
view the computer's output, the user would hold up the reflection pad 548'
or the palm in the path of the image that is being projected. The image is
reflected and thus readable to the user.
FIG. 23 shows the wearable computer system in the form of a headband 549
with an attached heads-up display 538.
FIG. 24 shows the computer in the form of a belt with a split QWERTY
keyboard 550 attached to the computer so that it hangs downward in front
of the user and can be easily reached. The user types in commands just as
he would at a desk top keyboard.
FIG. 25 shows the computer 551 implemented as a flexible form that wraps
around the forearm. The user interface consists of a keypad 551' and
speech recognition and speech synthesis capability. A microphone 552 and
speaker 553 are included in the computer.
FIG. 26 shows the computer in the form of a vest with a Private Eye
heads-up display 554 mounted on the left breast. To access the graphical
output of the computer, the user looks down and to the left into the
heads-up display 554.
FIG. 27 shows the computer in the form of a vest with an ear clip
microphone/speaker device 555. The method of controlling the computer is
speech recognition. The output from the computer to the wearer is speech
synthesis. This configuration allows only the wearer to hear the output
from the computer, and to-speak at low volumes when inputing commands.
FIG. 28 shows the computer in the form of a garment with motion sensors
556a, b, c, d, e and f. The computer continually polls these sensors. The
data from these sensors is used by the computer as input to drive software
that would interpret the data from the sensors as certain gestures. These
gestures can be used to control the computer. For example, the user may be
able to switch the computer into a mode where it is listening for the
wearer's voice input simply by making a circular motion with the left arm.
A circular motion in the opposite direction would switch off the listen
mode.
FIG. 29 illustrates the invention in a totally hands-free operation. The
computer is in vest form and incorporates a speech recognition and/or
speech synthesis interface including a microphone 557 and a speaker 558.
In this configuration, the need for rigid interface hardware such as
keyboards or liquid crystal displays is obviated.
Many of the various interface peripherals can be used in combination with
each other. For example, the arm mounted flexible LCD shown in FIG. 17
could be used as the output device and voice recognition could be used as
the input device. Or, referring to FIG. 25, the flexible wearable computer
worn on the forearm could be controlled with voice recognition.
Thus the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims
and their-legal equivalents, rather than by the examples given.
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