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United States Patent |
5,537,938
|
Lopez, Jr.
|
July 23, 1996
|
ATM anti-theft device
Abstract
An anti-theft device for Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) provides for the
blurring or defacing of banknotes which are stored within ATM banknote
cassettes/containers within the ATM upon a breach of security of the ATM,
the breach of security being either a break-in attempt or the attempted
removal of the entire ATM from its location. An indelible dye or ink,
stored under pressure within a tank internal to the ATM unit, is caused to
be released into a distribution manifold, which is integral with the
banknote cassette and in communication with the interior thereof, upon
receipt of an actuating signal. The actuating signal is preferably
developed by an electrical device which triggers the release of the ink
into the cassette. In one embodiment, connection and disconnection of the
distribution manifold to the tank occurs automatically without user
interface when cassettes are changed.
Inventors:
|
Lopez, Jr.; Martin (1913 Muny Vista Ct., Alton, IL 62002)
|
Appl. No.:
|
408932 |
Filed:
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March 22, 1995 |
Current U.S. Class: |
109/25; 109/29; 109/32; 109/34; 109/36 |
Intern'l Class: |
F05G 001/14 |
Field of Search: |
109/24.1,20,31,25,29-34,36,37
239/274,289
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
720330 | Feb., 1903 | Craig | 109/32.
|
2203675 | Jun., 1940 | Davis | 109/29.
|
3344757 | Oct., 1967 | Touyet | 109/25.
|
3730110 | May., 1973 | Peters | 109/25.
|
4363279 | Dec., 1982 | Johansson | 109/29.
|
4391203 | Jul., 1983 | Millar | 109/25.
|
4425853 | Jan., 1984 | McGregor et al. | 109/25.
|
4607579 | Aug., 1986 | Stenild | 109/25.
|
4712489 | Dec., 1987 | Levavasseur | 109/25.
|
4799435 | Jan., 1989 | Boutroy | 109/25.
|
4823010 | Apr., 1989 | Kornbrekke et al. | 250/341.
|
4841752 | Jun., 1989 | Fletcher | 109/20.
|
4975680 | Dec., 1990 | Fogle, Jr. | 340/571.
|
5156272 | Oct., 1992 | Bouchard et al. | 206/495.
|
5311166 | May., 1994 | Frye | 340/541.
|
Other References
Alemite Lubrication Fittings, Catalog 880.
Lincoln Accessories, Page 21.
Diebold, 1992.
Ansul--Halon Fire Supression Systems
Ansul--Halon 1301 Fire Supression Systems--Installation, Operation,
Recharge, Inspection and Maintenance Manual.
Ansul--Halon 1301 Fire Suppression Systems--Field Fill Station Operation
Manual.
|
Primary Examiner: Gall; Lloyd A.
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Herzog, Crebs & McGhee
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application is a Continuation-In-Part of patent application
Ser. No. 08/079,098 filed Jun. 17, 1993, now abandoned, entitled "ATM
ANTI-THEFT DEVICE" by the present inventor.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An ATM security system comprising:
an ATM housing;
an ATM device disposed within said housing;
a banknote cassette removably disposed within said housing and in
communication with said ATM device;
a pressurized tank within said housing, said tank including a cap disposed
over an outlet opening in said tank;
an indelible liquid ink stored within said pressurized tank;
a manifold operatively associated with said cassette and in communication
with said pressurized tank via a conduit coupled to said cap, said
manifold providing a distribution path for said ink into said cassette in
order for said ink to deface the banknotes contained in said cassette upon
release of said ink from said tank;
an electrical signal generating device coupled to said housing;
a pyrotechnic initiator coupled to said cap opposite said conduit;
a rupture disc disposed upstream of said conduit; and
an electrical control circuit coupled to said electrical signal generating
device, to a source of electrical power, and to said pyrotechnic initiator
wherein a signal generated by said electrical signal generating device
upon a breach of security of said housing or ATM device is detected by
said electrical control circuit and sent to said pyrotechnic initiator
that initiates to rupture said rupture disc thereby opening said conduit
allowing the pressurized ink to flow from said tank into said cassette.
2. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said rupture disc is of the
non-fragmenting type.
3. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said electrical signal
generating device is one of a contact switch, a mercury switch array, a
pendulum switch device, a photorelay device or a gravity ball tilt device.
4. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of
said electrical signal generating devices, including a contact switch, a
mercury switch array, a pendulum switch device, a photorelay device, and a
gravity ball tilt device.
5. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said tank is pressurized
from a range of 300 to 1000 psi.
6. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said manifold is disposed on
an outer surface of said cassette, and said distribution path includes a
plurality of bores providing fluid communication between said manifold and
the banknotes within the banknote cassette, said manifold releasably
coupled to a fixedly positioned buttonhead coupler attached to said
conduit remote from said tank.
7. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said pyrotechnic initiator
is a power cartridge initiator.
8. The ATM security system of claim 1, wherein said pyrotechnic initiator
is incorporated into said rupture disc.
9. An Automated Teller Machine (ATM) with a security breaching apparatus,
the ATM and apparatus comprising:
a housing for the ATM;
a banknote cassette releasably contained within said housing;
a pressurized tank containing a marking agent;
a distribution manifold operatively associated with said cassette;
a delivery system in fluid communication with said pressurized tank and
said manifold;
a cap disposed on said tank over an outlet opening thereof, said cap
including a distribution outlet and an initiator bore;
a power cartridge initiator disposed in said initiator bore;
a rupture disc disposed in said distribution outlet upstream of said
delivery system and blocking free egress of said marking agent from said
tank into said delivery system;
an electrical control circuit operatively coupled to said initiator and a
source of electrical power; and
an electrical signal generating device coupled to said housing and
electrically coupled to said electrical control circuit, said signal
generating device operative to generate an electrical signal upon a breach
of security of the ATM that is processed by said electrical control
circuit that sends an initiator signal to ignite said power cartridge
initiator rupturing said rupture disc opening free egress of said marking
agent from said tank to deliver said marking agent into said cassette to
deface banknotes contained therein.
10. The ATM and apparatus of claim 9, wherein said rupture disc is of the
non-fragmenting type.
11. The ATM and apparatus of claim 9, wherein said electrical signal
generating device is one of a contact switch, a mercury switch array, a
pendulum switch device, a photorelay device or a gravity ball tilt device.
12. The ATM and apparatus of claim 9, wherein there are a plurality of said
electrical signal generating devices, including a contact switch, a
mercury switch array, a pendulum switch device, a photorelay device, and a
gravity ball tilt device.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to anti-theft devices for Automated Teller
Machines and, more particularly to a device for defacing by blurring or
staining, valuable documents such as bank notes or bills in Automated
Teller Machines in the event of unauthorized entry or theft.
It has been estimated that in 1991, approximately 8,527 Automated Teller
Machines (ATMs) were shipped to companies in the United States while an
additional 60,994 were shipped overseas, with the number to surely
increase.
With the proliferation of ATMs has come a concurrent rise in the attempted
and committed thefts of currency from ATMs since the currency within is
not guarded. ATMs are subject to attack by burglars or thefts seeking to
extract the currency therefrom. Because ATMs are enclosed in a steel
safe-like structure that is extremely difficult to penetrate in a short
period of time, therefore the phenomena is occurring of the burglar
actually extracting the ATM as a whole. After the burglar has extracted
the unit, the ATM is then taken from the premises to another, preferably
remote location, where the thief has the time to break into the ATM unit
and extract the money contained therein.
Various solutions have been proposed in the prior art to cope with such
situations wherein money and/or documents are stored within enclosed
containers. One such solution involves the use of pyrotechnical means in
which an explosive is utilized to inject a staining liquid into the
money/document container. However, such pyrotechnical solutions may be
dangerous for persons in the vicinity of the system and, in the case of
ATMs which utilize sophisticated machinery and electronics, the use of
pyrotechnical means is not desirable in that such may destroy the
sophisticated equipment of the ATM and the user.
Another known method are complex mechanical solutions aimed at partially
destroying the bank notes by perforating or mutilating the same. These
complex systems generally require complicated machinery and a fair amount
of power.
Recently, chemical solutions have been devised which generally consist of
using discoloring means such as smoke generators for blurring or staining
the documents within the container. These products, however, are likely to
impair the environment, and in particular the electronic components in the
ATM.
Another solution is found in U.S. Pat. No. 5,156,272 issued Oct. 20, 1992
to Bouchard, et al. Essentially Bouchard utilizes a sponge having one or
several frangible pockets, phials, ducts or the like. In one embodiment, a
piston-like tank pushes an indelible dye into the ducts of the sponge
which are then broken or ruptured such that the dye will be delivered to
the sponge. The sponge distributes the dye to the documents for blurring
the same. Thus, the sponge is an integral part of Bouchard in that the
sponge is utilized to distribute the dye over all of the documents within
the container. However, such an apparatus as Bouchard utilizing a sponge
tends to delay the application of the ink onto the documents as the sponge
must first soak up the dye and then when saturated, allow the dye to
permeate the container and blur the documents.
It is thus an object of the present invention to overcome the deficiencies
in the prior art and provide a safe, quick and effective defacing of
documents within an ATM.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides an apparatus for marking banknotes contained
within a banknote cassette in an Automated Teller Machine (ATM) upon a
breach of security of the ATM. The apparatus comprises a pressurized tank,
an indelible liquid ink stored within the pressurized tank, and a manifold
operatively associated with the banknote cassette and in communication
with the pressurized tank. The manifold provides a distribution path for
the ink into the cassette in order for the ink to deface the banknotes
upon release of the ink from the tank. Further provided is means for
releasing the ink from the pressurized tank upon a breach of security of
the ATM such that the ink is delivered under pressure to the banknotes via
the manifold to thereby deface the banknotes.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the releasing means
comprises an actuator adapted to release the contents of the pressurized
tank upon receipt of an actuating signal, and means in communication with
the actuator for generating an actuating signal upon a breach of security.
The system is preferably electrical having an electrical input supplied by
a normal external power source, typically A.C., or by a battery backup
should the normal external power source fail or be interrupted. Various
signal generating or input devices may be utilized to trigger the
actuator. Control circuitry monitors the various input devices and relays
the actuation signal to the tank actuator.
The actuator is generally a pyrotechnic or initiator device and the means
for generating an actuating signal may be a mercury switch array, a
photoelectric eye, a pendulum tilt switch, a contact or pressure switch,
or a gravity ball tilt mechanism. The mercury switch array generates the
actuating signal when the ATM is moved in any plane from horizontal. The
photoelectric eye provides the actuating signal when a photobeam is
interrupted as the entrant crosses the beam. The pendulum tilt also
provides a signal upon tilting the ATM from the horizontal plane. The
contact switch provides its signal upon release of pressure thereon, while
the gravity ball tilt mechanism provides a signal upon shaking or rocking.
According to another aspect of the present invention, the apparatus for
defacing banknotes contained within a banknote cassette in an Automated
Teller Machine (ATM) upon a breach of security of the ATM, by releasing an
indelible ink or dye under pressure into the banknote cassette includes a
power cartridge as an initiator disposed adjacent to a non-fragmenting
design rupture disc as the tank valve. The power cartridge is mounted in a
cap of the pressurized tank containing the indelible ink. Rupture of the
disc releases the ink into a delivery system in fluid communication with
the pressurized tank, a distribution manifold operatively associated with
the banknote cassette, and a connector coupled on one hand to the delivery
system and releasably coupled on the other hand to the distribution
manifold thereby providing fluid communication from the tank to the
delivery system and the distribution manifold so the ink may deface the
notes.
According to another aspect, when the banknote cassette is removed from the
ATM, the connector automatically releases from the distribution manifold,
and when the banknote cassette is returned to the ATM, the connector
automatically couples to the distribution manifold.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
So that the manner in which the above recited features, advantages and
objects of the present invention are attained and can be understood in
detail, more particular description of the invention, briefly summarized
above, may be had by reference to the embodiments thereof which are
illustrated in the appended drawings.
It is noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only typical
embodiments of this invention and are therefore not to be considered
limiting of its scope, for the invention may admit to other equally
effective embodiments.
FIG. 1 is an elevational view of a typical ATM;
FIG. 2 is a front partial cut-away view of the improved ATM of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side partial cut-away view of the improved ATM of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary view of the inside of the ATM of FIG. 1 showing an
embodiment of the present document defacing apparatus;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary view of the manifold and buttonhead
coupling connection;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the manifold as
attached to an ATM money cassette and the buttonhead coupling connection
thereto;
FIG. 7 is an elevational view of a mercury switch array according to the
present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic of one embodiment of a mechanical and electrical
actuating system for the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the manifold as
attached to an ATM money cassette having an alternative embodiment of the
hose connection;
FIG. 10 is a schematic of a further embodiment of the actuating and
releasing system;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged cutaway side view of the pressurized tank with an
initiator and rupture disc according to another embodiment of the present
invention;
FIG. 12 is an enlarged cutaway side view of the pressurized tank utilizing
an explosive rupture disc according to another aspect of the present
invention;
FIG. 13 is an enlarged elevation view of a pendulum tilt signal generating
device;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cutaway view of a gravity ball tilt signal
generating device; and
FIG. 15 is a schematic of a contact switch signal generating device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1 there is shown a typical stand-alone Automated Teller
Machine (ATM) 20. At the outset it should be noted that the present
invention is applicable to all types of ATMs and not only stand-alone
units, however, a stand-alone ATM will be shown in the drawings. ATM 20
includes a housing 22 which encloses a modular electronic/mechanical unit
23, being the heart and brains of the ATM. Unit 23 includes a screen 24
for displaying information and choices to the user, an alpha/numeric
keypad 26, a card access 28, and a money withdrawal/deposit port 30. Unit
23 is enclosed within a steel lined casing (not shown) that encloses all
of the necessary hardware and software to operate the ATM. Generally, ATMs
include a heating and cooling source for maintaining the working
components, software, and hardware in working condition in all
environments.
Referring now to FIG. 2, ATM 20 is shown in a cutaway view having two money
cassettes 32 and 34, that are typical in the ATM industry, such as, for
example, those shown in the Diebold catalogue submitted with the
Information Disclosure Statement filed concurrently herewith. Although ATM
20 is shown having two money cassettes it should be understood that only
one cassette or more than two cassettes may be accommodated in the ATM and
are contemplated as within the scope of the present invention. Such
cassettes may also be of any size and shape as the principles and
operation of the present invention are equally applicable. Typically,
cassettes 32 and 34 are for separate denominations of bills to dispense to
the customer, say for example 20's and 10's in order to accommodate
various cash amount requests. However, in some instances, ATMs dispense
only one type of currency and thus cassettes 32, 34 may contain the same
bill denomination. Cassettes 32 and 34 are aligned within ATM 20 via
tracks 33a, 33b, 33c which rest on a stand 36. Tracks 33a-c guide
cassettes 32, 34 because of the close tolerance needed between the
cassette and the money dispensing mechanism, generally a vacuum type
mechanism, for pulling the money from the cassette and delivering it to
port 30. Cassettes 32 and 34 thus slide back and forth generally parallel
with the floor of ATM 20 to allow replacement thereof when the money
within the cassettes runs out.
In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, a pressurized tank
38 is disposed within housing 22 secured therein by a tank bracket 40.
Tank 38 may be of any suitable type made to hold its contents at various
pressures as, for example, in the range of 300-1000 psi. Here, tank 38 may
be a 5 lb. Ansul.RTM. 1301 Halon tank. Disposed on the top portion of tank
38 is a pressure valve 42 for releasing the contents of tank 38 upon
activation thereof. Pressure valve 42 is preferably a valve of the
differential piston-type which leads itself to various modes of actuation,
e.g. electric, pneumatic, manual. The primary material of valve 42 is
brass which makes the valve somewhat corrosion resistant.
Valve 42, in the example, made and tested by the inventor as described
hereinbelow under the head "Example", is shown in the Ansul.RTM. Halon
1301 Fire Suppression Systems--Installation, Operation, Recharge,
Inspection and Maintenance Manual submitted with the Information
Disclosure Statement filed concurrently herewith. Tank pressure acting on
chamber areas on either side of the piston produces a positive sealing
force such that the contents of the tank under pressure remains therein.
The same pressure is thus attained on both sides of the piston due to a
small vent or bleed hole through the piston. A free floating ball (not
shown) acting as a one-way check valve allows minute flow through the
piston; however, at actuation, when there is a large pressure difference,
flow is checked. Actuation is accomplished by venting the pressure from
the upper chamber (not shown) through a vent valve (not shown) this
venting is accomplished by using any type of actuator, as described
hereinbelow. The pressure is vented from the upper chamber, then the
downward force is eliminated allowing the pressure in the tank to force
the piston totally out of the flow passage to release the contents
therein.
Disposed on top of valve 42 is an actuator 44 for actuating valve 42 in
order to release the contents of tank 38. Actuator 44 is a solenoid type
actuator which is also manually actuatable. Actuator 44 includes a
longitudinal piston therein which is actuatable by a solenoid to move
longitudinally to release the valve in pressure valve 42. Thus, actuator
44 may be energized by an electric signal to cause the solenoid to open
valve 42, and alternatively actuator 44 may be manually actuated to open
valve 42. Disposed at the top of actuator 44 is a lever actuator 46 which
in conjunction with a cable system described hereinbelow, provides the
manual actuation for actuator 44 by manually moving a pin (not shown) to
actuate pressure valve 42.
Coupled to valve 42 are two hoses 48 and 50 which terminate in buttonhead
couplers 52 and 56 respectively. Alternatively, the hoses may be stainless
steel lines or conduits rather than hoses. This is because it is
preferable to fix the connectors and lines leading to the banknote
cassettes for ease of removing and installing the cassettes. Buttonhead
couplers 52 and 56 may, for example, be Lincoln type couplers model 80933,
as shown in the Lincoln catalogue, page 21, submitted with the Information
Disclosure Statement filed concurrently herewith. The buttonhead couplers
52, 56 couple hoses 48 and 50 to manifolds 54 and 58 respectively on
cassettes 32 and 34 such that the contents of tank 38 is in fluid
communication with the cassettes 32, 34.
Referring now to FIG. 3 lever actuator 46 includes a pivoting lever or arm
60 which is attached to a cable 62. Cable 62 extends through an elbow
joint 64 having an internal pulley which is affixed onto a tube or pipe 66
which is secured to ATM housing floor 68. Cable 62 thus runs through elbow
64 and pipe 66 and extends through housing floor 68 such that it is
attached to a swivel bolt 70 which is fixedly attached to the ground or
earth 72. As described hereinabove, pressure valve 42 is opened in order
to release the contents (ink or dye) of tank 38 via a pin type valve of
the same type as are used to fill and relieve pressure in pneumatic tires.
Actuator 46 includes an internal pin which longitudinally moves within
actuator 46 and when moved in a downward position by lever 60 causes valve
42 to relieve the pressure as hereinabove described to allow the ink
within tank 38 to be released therefrom and into hoses 48 and 50. Lever 60
is caused to pivot on actuator 46 in order to release valve 42 upon an
attempt to remove ATM 20 from its location. As can be appreciated in FIG.
3, as housing 22 is moved from its location, cable 62 being secured to
ground 72, will pull pivot lever 60 in the direction of the arrow adjacent
lever 60 to cause opening of valve 42 and the release of the contents of
tank 38 in the money cassettes. Thus, the indelible ink contained under
pressure within tank 38 is released into hoses 48 and 50 and into the
cassettes 32, 34 when someone attempts to dislodge or remove ATM 20 from
its location. As will be described in detail hereinbelow, the pressurized
ink from tank 38 thus enters cassettes 32, 34 to stain the bank notes
and/or documents contained within the cassettes. It should be noted that
tank 38 is positioned near the front (screen side) of the ATM, while
buttonhead couplers 56 releasably connects hose 50 to manifold 58. The
buttonhead couplers 52 and 56 are identical in construction to each other.
A section view of the buttonhead coupler 52 is shown later in FIG. 6.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that the hose 48 can be connected
to either side of the buttonhead coupler 52, upon removal of plug 120 and
reversal of the coupling 116. In FIG. 6 the horseshoe shaped recess 123
opens opposite to the hose 48 as attached to the buttonhead coupler 52. In
FIGS. 3 and 4 it is preferred to reverse the hose 48 so it is on the same
side of the coupler 52 as the opening to the recess 123. In this fashion,
an operator can tug on the hose 48 to ensure a firm connection between the
coupler 52 and the buttonhead 102.
Referring now to FIG. 4, the overall system is shown in greater detail and
the electrical actuation of valve 42 to release the pressurized ink from
tank 38 will be described. It should be here appreciated that tank 38 is
connected to hoses 48 and 50 via a discharge fitting 74 via a one-to-two
line coupler 76, however, only one money cassette or a plurality of money
cassettes may be attached to tank 38 as long as tank 38 has adequate
pressure to supply and adequately soak the bank notes contained in each
cassette which is provided by the present invention. Furthermore, in FIG.
4, tank 38 is positioned near the rear of ATM, with buttonhead couplers
52, 56 likewise positioned near the rear. Thus, it is apparent that tank
38 may be positioned anywhere within the ATM and in any orientation. Also,
button couplers 52, 56 may be positioned anywhere along the respective
manifold. Solenoid actuator 44 like actuator 46 includes a longitudinally
extending piston which acts upon valve 42 to relieve the pressure and thus
the contents of tank 38 upon downward movement of the actuating rod (not
shown). Thus, when an electrical signal is supplied to solenoid actuator
44 valve 42 is actuated and the contents are then released from tank 38
into lines 48 and 50 through manifolds 54 and 58 into respective cassettes
32 and 34.
This electrical signal may be supplied to solenoid actuator 44 in a variety
of ways. Such electrical means for releasing the contents of tank 38 may
be used either alone or all together and in conjunction with the manual
actuation via actuator 46, lever 60, and cable 62. The solenoid actuator
44 utilized in the present embodiment is actuated by a 12 volt 0.57 amp
signal applied thereto. Thus, power of this type needs to be available.
For this, each electrical component is attached to a power source (not
shown) through power source line 80. Such power source may come from a
step-down transformer tied into the electricity supplying the ATM with a
battery backup should power be interrupted. Furthermore, the power may be
supplied by a battery alone. It should be noted that a key switch 78 is
utilized to turn off the electrical activation systems for changing the
cassettes and/or doing repairs to the ATM.
One such electrical system consists of an infrared or other similar
transmitter 82 and reflector 84 which projects an invisible infrared beam
to reflector 84 which bounces back to infrared transmitter 82. As an
example, transmitter 82 may be a Safe House Infrared Photorelay Sensor as
sold by the Tandy Corporation. Should the beam be interrupted by removal
of a money cassette, unit 82 sends a signal via line 86 to actuate
solenoid actuator 44 to thereby release the ink under pressure within tank
38 to mark the bills contained within the cassettes. Unit 82 is connected
to key switch 78 via line 87.
Another electrical actuation system is a mercury switch array or system 88
which is attached to ATM housing floor 68. Mercury switch array 88 is
connected to the power source via lead 89 with key switch 78 interposed
therebetween for deactivation of mercury switch array 88 during cassette
change. Additionally referring to FIG. 7 there is shown an embodiment
mercury switch array 88. Essentially, mercury switch array 88 includes a
shaped metal plate 90 on which are disposed four mercury switches 92, 93,
94, and 95. Mercury switches 92-95 are oriented such that all four
directions of movement away from a horizontal plane will activate one of
the switches. Switches 92 and 93 are oppositely oriented such that
movement in either direction away from the horizontal as indicated by
arrow A causes contact to be made and a signal sent to solenoid actuator
44 via lead 98 in order to open valve 42 and release the dye under
pressure within tank 38. Mercury switches 94 and 95 are oriented such that
movement in a direction off the horizontal as indicated by arrow B will
cause one of the switch contacts to be closed and send a signal via line
98 to solenoid actuator 44 to open valve 42 to thus relieve the contents
of tank 38.
Another electrical component is a contact switch 100 which, when floor 68
is raised from the ground, will complete the circuit to send a signal via
line 98 to solenoid actuator 44 to open valve 42 thereby releasing the
contents of tank 38 into hoses 48 and 50.
An embodiment of a contact switch is shown in FIG. 15. A contact switch 200
consisting of a housing 201 includes a spring loaded plunger 202. The
spring loaded plunger includes a contact head 203 that makes the
electrical connection between connectors 204.
A further component may be utilized to generate the actuating signal, such
as a pendulum tilt mechanism 210 is shown in FIG. 13. Such pendulum tilt
mechanisms have been used in such items as pinball machines as a tilt
sensing mechanism. The pendulum tilt mechanism 210 includes a hanger
bracket 212 that supports a metal plumb bob 214 via a hook 216. The plumb
bob includes a shaft 218 extending from its lower end. The shaft 218
extends through a hole 220 formed in a lower contact bracket 222. The hook
216 is coupled to one polarity of the power source, while the contact
bracket is coupled to the other polarity of the power source. When the ATM
is tilted, the shaft 218 will contact an edge of circle 220 of the contact
bracket 222 to complete the electrical circuit and provide the necessary
signal.
Additionally, a gravity ball tilt mechanism 230, as shown in FIG. 14, may
be utilized to produce the actuation signal for the actuator. Such a
gravity ball tilt mechanism is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,799,505, which
is incorporated herein by reference. However, a short description of the
main components and method of operation are as follows. The gravity ball
tilt mechanism 230 includes a housing 232 that has a concave bottom
portion 234. Threadedly received in the center of the concave bottom 234
is a threaded screw 236. The threaded screw 236 includes a concave upper
end designed to hold a steel ball 238. A spring loaded T-contact 240 is
naturally biased downwardly. The steel ball is placed in the concave
portion 237 while the T-contact 240 is held in the open position. Once the
ball 238 is in place, the T-bar 240 is lowered thereon. At this point, the
T-bar does not make contact between lead brackets 242 and 244. Once the
gravity ball tilt mechanism 230 is tilted enough, gravity will pull the
steel ball away from the concave portion 237, whereupon the T-contact 240
will be biased downwardly to make contact between the contacts 242 and 244
thereby providing the actuating signal.
Thus, the present invention contemplates the use of mechanical/manual
actuation and/or electrical actuation. The electrical actuation system is
deactivated via key switch 78 in order for authorized personnel to
exchange the money cassettes when necessary.
The connection of one embodiment of the electrical actuation system is
shown in block diagram in FIG. 8. Essentially, the main power source 156
is connected to an AC adaptor or transformer 158 in order to step down the
voltage and amperage to the required values. AC adaptor 158 thus supplies
power to photo relay switch 162, mercury switch 164, and pressure switch
170. A battery back-up 160 may also be provided should power be
interrupted. A key switch 166 is interposed between photo relay switch 162
and mercury switch 164/contact switch 170 so that the cassettes may be
exchanged without triggering the system. Valve actuator 168 is operatively
connected to key switch 166, photo relay switch 162, mercury switch 164,
and pressure switch 170 such that actuation of any of these switches sends
a signal to valve actuator 168 to cause the indelible ink under pressure
within tank 38 to be dispensed into cassette 32 to blur documents 146
within chamber 144.
In a further embodiment in which actuation is initiated by an electrical
signal and an electrical signal is caused to initiate the release of
pressurized fluid from the tank, which is described hereinbelow, reference
is made to FIG. 10 showing an alternative schematic embodiment. Rather
than providing mechanical actuation or a mechanical/electrical actuation,
it may be preferable to utilize an all electrical actuation system. Logic
circuitry 250 consisting of well known components provides the linking of
the various components and the generation of an output signal. An external
power source 251, usually an A.C. source, may be converted through an A.C.
adapter or transformer 252 to provide power to the control circuitry 250.
Coupled to the control circuitry 250 is a battery backup supply 253 in
case of power failure. A capacitor or other components may be needed
within the control circuitry 250 when the control circuitry 250 is
utilizing the battery backup. Such circuitry is well known in the art for
initiators. Additionally, key switch 254 may be utilized to turn the
system on and off for loading and unloading of the money cassette. Also
coupled to the control circuitry 250 are signal generating devices mercury
switch 255, pendulum tilt mechanism 256, pressure switch mechanism 257,
ball tilt mechanism 258, and photo relay switch 259. Also coupled to the
control circuitry are electrical leads 260 which coupled to the electrical
initiating device 261 disposed on top of pressurized tank 262. Such an
electrical initiating device to release the pressurized liquid will be
described hereinbelow, with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
Referring now to FIG. 5, there is shown the manner of connection of hose 48
to manifold 54. It should be appreciated that FIG. 5 shows the connection
of hose 48 to manifold 54 such that the contents of tank 38 may be in
fluid communication with manifold 54 upon opening of valve 44 which is the
same manner as the connection to the other cassettes. Hose 48 terminates
with a standard button coupling 52 which slidably attaches to a standard
buttonhead 102. Buttonhead 102 is threadedly received in manifold 54,
while manifold 54 is secured via bolts 103 and/or a sealant, such as, for
example, glue to cassette 32. It should here be appreciated that although
manifold 54 is shown attached to the top of cassette 32 as a separate
member, such manifold may be disposed inside cassette 32 or alternatively
be formed as a part of the top wall of cassette 32. In this embodiment
hose 48 is flexible and thus when cassette 32 is installed in tracks 33,
coupling 52 must be manually slid onto buttonhead 102.
Referring now to FIG. 6 there is shown the hose connection manifold and
cassette in a sectional showing the manner of connection of hose 48 with
cassette 32 and the flow of dye through manifold 54 and into cassette 32.
As previously stated, hose 48 terminates with a standard button coupling
52. Button coupling 52 comprises a housing 106 which defines an internal
cavity 108. Cavity 108 extends from the upper surface of housing 106 and
is plugged by a threaded cap 110. Hose 48 is coupled to coupling 116
having a bore 117 to allow fluid communication between hose 48 and chamber
108 of button coupling 52 via tapered bore 118. Coupling 116 is threadedly
received in bore 118, thus fluid in hose 48 will enter button coupling 52
via bores 117 and 118. Housing 106 of button coupling 52 further includes
a tapered bore 119 diametrically opposed to bore 118 which is sealed by a
threaded nut or cap 120. Bore 119 may be used to connect another fluid
source or to allow limited by-pass thereof. Disposed within chamber 108 is
a spring 112 which, along with cap 110 biases a disk 114 in the downward
direction. Tapered disk 114 is restrained from exiting chamber 108 by
annular taper 124, which restricts disk 114 from downward movement but
allows upward movement upon engagement with buttonhead 102 as described
hereinbelow. Disposed around spring 112 is a washer 113 adjacent disk 114
for guiding spring 112. It should be appreciated that cap 110, when in the
position shown in FIG. 6, compresses spring 112 so as to bias disk 114 in
the downward position. Disk 114 includes a bore 115 which provides
communication between chamber 108 and the outside of housing 106. In order
to attach button coupling 52 to buttonhead 102, housing 106 includes a
horseshoe shaped ledge 122 which defines a horseshoe shaped recess 123.
Ledge 122 and recess 123 cooperatively act to retain annular portion 126
of buttonhead 102 by surrounding the same such that cylindrical portion
128 of buttonhead 102 is engaged with ledge 122. Thus, as button coupling
52 is slid onto buttonhead 102 in the direction as indicated by the arrow,
disk 114 is upwardly biased such that a snaplike fit completes the
coupling. Buttonhead 102 includes threads 130 and is threadingly received
in upper wall 134 of manifold 54. An internal bore 132 of buttonhead 102
provides communication between button coupling 52 and interior chamber 138
defined within manifold 54. Lower wall 136 of manifold 54 includes a
plurality of bores 142 extending therethrough and aligned with like bores
143 in top wall 140 of cassette 32. Thus, bores 142 and 143 cooperatively
act to permit communication between chamber 138 of manifold 54 and chamber
144 of cassette 32. Disposed within chamber 144 are bank notes or
documents 146 which will be blurred by the indelible ink upon actuation of
the present system.
FIG. 6 thus shows the flow pattern of indelible ink which is under pressure
and as it enters buttonhead 102 is caused to enter chamber 138 of manifold
54 to be released via bores 142 and 143 onto bank note 146 within chamber
144 of cassette 32.
Referring now to FIG. 9 an alternative embodiment regarding hose 48 and the
connection of hose 48 to buttonhead 102 is disclosed. As mentioned
hereinabove, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, hose 48 is flexible and
thus when cassettes are changed, button coupling 52 must be manually
removed from buttonhead 102 and thus subsequently manually replaced
thereon. However, since the money cassettes are placed within the ATM with
such close tolerances such that a vacuum can pull the money contained
therein for dispensing to the user, such would lend itself to fixing
button coupler 52 such that the process of removing the cartridge as
indicated by arrow C in a horizontal direction and the replacement of a
new cartridge in a horizontal direction as represented by arrow C
automatically couples buttonhead 102 with button coupling 52. In this
manner, button coupling 52 is mounted in a bracket 150, while bracket 150
is fixedly mounted to a shelf 148 via rivet or bolt 152 within the ATM.
Thus, in this embodiment there is no manual connection and the simple
process of loading and unloading the cassette uncouples and couples the
present system. Furthermore, since pressurized ink is forced into the
cassette container to blur the documents, the uncoupling and coupling of
the present system is not hazardous or dangerous since there are no "live"
charges or wires. For the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, hose 48 is a 5/8
inch I.D. hose coupled to a 1/2 inch hose shank 116 welded to buttonhead
120. Buttonhead 120 is modified at its inlet to accommodate the 1/2 inch
hose shank. Inventor recommends that 12 or more bores 142 be formed in
manifold 54 to align with a corresponding number of bores 143 in the top
wall 140 of cassette 32. However, depending on pressure hose sizes and
other factors, the number of bores may be increased or decreased.
An alternative embodiment of the ink releasing means is depicted in FIG.
11. Preferably, this embodiment is utilized in conjunction with the type
of circuitry and signal generating means disclosed in FIG. 10 and
described hereinabove. This system includes a pressurized tank of any
suitable type made to hold its contents at various pressures as, for
example, in the range of 300-1000 psi. Here, tank 270 is an 18 lb. tank.
The tank includes an inner pick tube with a wall thickness of 4/32 of an
inch that includes an air fill valve 274 and which is shown filled with an
indelible dye or ink 275. Disposed on the top portion of the tank 270 is a
cap or housing 276 constituting a valve for the tank along with the other
components associated therewith which fits over an opening 277 of the pick
up tube 272. Disposed in a side wall 278 of the cap 276 is a power
cartridge initiator 280. The power cartridge initiator 280 is of a
conventional type such as that manufactured by Hi-Shear Corporation. Such
a power cartridge generates a gas upon electrical ignition through leads
282. This signal is provided through the control circuitry 250 as
disclosed in FIG. 10. Also, a bulk head ignitor may be utilized as the
pyrotechnic initiator, however, a power cartridge is preferred as the
initiator. The cap 276 includes a threaded opening 284 opposite the power
cartridge 280. Threadedly disposed in the opening 284 is a connector 286
coupled to the stainless steel conduit 288 for delivery of the ink once it
is released into the manifold of the cassette. The coupling 286 includes a
seal or rupture disc 290 that is preferably of a non-fragmenting design.
Such rupture disc are available from LaMot Corporation of Continental Disc
Company of Liberty, Mo. The rupture disc is of sufficient strength to
contain the pressurized fluid 275 within the tank 270 while at the same
time rupturable without fragmentation once the power cartridge 280 is
initiated and the gas expelled therefrom contacts the ruptured disc.
Therefore, in this embodiment a change of power cartridge and rupture disc
are all that is needed to recharge or reactivate this system.
Referring to FIG. 12, an alternative embodiment of the all electrical
initiation system is provided. A tank 300 of the same characteristics as
tank 270 includes a pick up tube 302 and in which is housed a pressurized
fluid 304. A housing 306 extends over an opening 305 of the pick up tube
302 and includes a threaded opening 308. A coupling 310 is sized to
threadedly be received in opening 308 and is coupled to a stainless steel
discharge conduit 312. Disposed in the opening 308 and held in place by
the coupling 310 is an electrical explosive initiator disc 314 that
includes electrical leads 315 that are coupled to the logic circuitry. The
disc or seal 314 may take the form as represented by "A" and "B" in FIG.
12. Essentially, the seal includes a pinpoint explosive shaped charge that
ruptures the disc upon the application of a suitable electrical signal.
OPERATION
The overall operation of the present system will now be described. With
particular reference to FIG. 4, the system is set as described hereinabove
and is ready to deface the bank notes and/or documents contained within
cassettes 32 and 34 upon a breach of security, unauthorized entry or the
attempted removal of the entire ATM. As previously described, if
authorized personnel is to change the cassette, key switch 78 is utilized
to deactivate the electronic signal generator such that the old cassettes
may be removed and new cassettes put in. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
9, the authorized cassette exchanger merely pulls out the old cassettes
and puts in the new cassettes since the coupling of the present system
with the cassettes is automatic. However, where the hoses are flexible and
are not attached so as to be automatic, each button connector 52 must be
manually disengaged from buttonhead 102 or its respective button.
With the electrical system actuated, the present system may be triggered by
any number of events, and safeguards may be built in such that either
manual actuation or electronic actuation will take place upon a breach of
security. Thus, in the scenario where the entire ATM, whether it is a
stand-alone or wall unit, is moved from its foundation, cable 62 will move
lever 60 so as to open valve 42. The opening of valve 42 thus allows the
indelible ink contained under pressure within tank 38 to be expelled via
hose 74 and into hoses 48 and 50. From that point, the fluid under
pressure flows through the respective button coupling 52, 56 and into the
respective button. From there the fluid enters the respective manifold 54,
58 and is forced under pressure through the plurality of bores 142 and 143
to thoroughly soak, blur, and deface documents 146. Concurrent with the
manual actuation of valve 42 should the entire unit be removed from its
foundation, pressure switch 100 will send an electrical signal to solenoid
actuator 44 to actuate valve 42 resulting in the same scenario as
described above. Furthermore, mercury switch array 88 will also send an
electrical signal upon dislodgement against any horizontal plane to send a
signal to solenoid actuator 44 to open valve 42. However, should the thief
open the ATM, the breaking of the beam emanating from transmitter 82 will
cause a signal to be sent to solenoid actuator 44 to open valve 42 with
the result as described hereinabove.
The system of FIGS. 10-15 constituting an alternative embodiment of the
present invention will now be described. If authorized personnel is to
change the cassette, key switch 254 is utilized to deactivate the
electronic circuitry and components such that the old cassettes may be
removed and new cassettes put in. The key switch is then used to
reactivate the system.
With the electrical system actuated, the present system may be triggered by
any one of the signal generating devices, mercury switch 255, pendulum
tilt 256, pressure switch 257, ball tilt mechanism 258, or photo relay
switch 259. If any one of these signal generating devices provides a
signal to the control circuitry 250, the control circuitry 250 generates
an appropriate signal through leads 260 to initiate the power cartridge
280 or rupture disc 314.
In the case of the power cartridge 280, the electrical signal produces an
explosion that creates a gas to rupture the disc 290. Rupturing of the
disc 290 allows the pressurized fluid 275 to escape from tank 270 via pick
up tube 272 and outlet 277 to flow through the line 288 and into the
manifold and cassette thereby defacing the notes contained therein.
In the case of the explosive electrical disc 314, the disc is automatically
ruptured upon the receipt of a signal through its leads 315 which allows
the ink 304 contained within cylinder 300 to exit via pick up tube 302 and
opening 305 through the discharge hose 312 and into the manifold and
cassettes.
EXAMPLE
As an example of the above present invention, the inventor has utilized an
Ansul.RTM. 5 lb. halon tank, as described hereinabove, filled with 3/4
gallons of rubbing alcohol and a temporary printing press type ink such as
an ink pad ink that is water soluble and/or alcohol soluble and
pressurized at a working pressure of 400 psi. A single 5/8 inch
steel-lined I.D. hose was connected via appropriate fittings to the outlet
of tank 38 and to a 1/2 inch hose shank (male) welded to the button
coupling. The button coupling inlet was enlarged to 1/2 Inch to
accommodate the hose shank, while the button coupling outlet was enlarged
to 1/4 Inch. The spring and ball were both removed. The manifold was a 3/4
inch square tube having a six 1/8 inch bores therethrough corresponding to
1/8 inch bores in the cassette. Other parties and members were as stated
hereinabove. In the test, sufficient pressure at 400 psi was produced with
the stated hose and hole dimensions such that the present invention
operated as described hereinabove. It should be understood, however, that
a general range of 300 to 800 psi's can be used and with particular
cassettes, different size tubing, and hole structures the present
invention may modify accordingly.
As an example of the tank depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12, the ink should be a
non-alcohol or flammable base in view of the type of initiators or liquid
releasing devices utilized. The tank is generally a 300-1000 psi tank
coupled to a stainless steel 3/8 inch conduit via a suitable connector
286. The non-fragmenting rupture disc 290 is easily replaceable as well as
the threaded power cartridge 280.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present
invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised
without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is
determined by the claims which follow.
It should be appreciated that there are various configurations and methods
of supplying the ink to the money cassettes. Such alternate forms may
include the use of a turbine and impeller, an electric motor and impeller,
an electric motor and piston positive displacement pump, an electric motor
with a centrifugal impeller pump, or an electric motor with an eccentric
rotary vane pump. Further, it is contemplated that the cartridge
containing the ink may be actuated by an explosive charge and piston
configuration, or a chemical reaction expansion created by heating, for
example.
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