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United States Patent |
5,513,530
|
Ney, ;, , , -->
Ney
,   et al.
|
May 7, 1996
|
Shaded rotor universal particle pressure integrator device
Abstract
A device is proposed to detect the existence of a hypothetical Universal
Particle Field of the Universe. According to this hypothesis, this energy
field is responsible for all gravitational, and inertial phenomena in the
Universe. The proposed device is quite simple, and it is quite practical
to build. This device may also settle the controversy between the
advocates of the hypothetical "Field Generated By Matter" vs. the
"Universal Particle Field" advocates. The device consists of a rotor,
surrounded by a relatively large Universal Particle shading mass. A mass
free slot, in line with a segment of the rotor rim mass, allows slightly
less attenuated Universal Particle beams, than 180 degrees from this slot,
to impinge on the rotor rim segment mass. Calculations given, indicate
that a 10 kg rotor rim segment mass, with a 100,000 kg removed mass from
the slot, results in a force on the rotor rim of about
6.67.times.10.sup.-5 Newtons. Magnetically levitated bearings should allow
a 1 meter diameter rotor to rotate at this torque.
Inventors:
|
Ney; Robert J. (4215 E. Bay Dr. Ste. #1103B, Clearwater, FL 34624);
Ney; R. Douglas (4215 E. Bay Dr. Ste. #1103B, Clearwater, FL 34624)
|
Appl. No.:
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169186 |
Filed:
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December 20, 1993 |
Current U.S. Class: |
73/382R |
Intern'l Class: |
G01M 001/12 |
Field of Search: |
73/382 R,383,382 G
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
3114264 | Dec., 1963 | Williamson | 73/382.
|
3245263 | Apr., 1966 | Cornelison | 73/383.
|
3315526 | Apr., 1967 | Schulze | 73/383.
|
3722286 | Mar., 1973 | Weber | 73/382.
|
Primary Examiner: Williams; Hezron E.
Assistant Examiner: Kwok; Helen C.
Claims
What we claim is new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United
States is:
1. A device for detecting the hypothetical Universal Particle Field
comprising:
a rotor, made of non-magnetic materials and hermetically sealed in a
chamber, includes a massive rim enclosed within a Universal Particle
shading mass which impedes Universal Particle beams;
said rotor is supported and mounted by low friction magnetic levitating
bearings positioned within a plane so that said rotor is self-aligned to
minimize potential energy position and the vertical axis of said rotor is
held in position by a low friction bearing;
said shading mass having a mass free slot substantially aligned with said
rim mass of said rotor so that said Universal Particle beams impinging and
imparting a force of impact on said rotor rim mass are attenuated less
through said mass free slot then 180 degrees from said slot hence a net
force is produced on said rotor rim mass.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Sir Isaac Newton published the "Laws of Gravitation" in 1687. The Universal
Gravitational Constant "G" was measured by Sir Henry Cavendish in 1798,
with a Coulomb torsional pendulum. Albert Michelson invented the Optical
Interferometer and with it measured the speed of light to great accuracy,
in 1887; this instrument was used in the famous Michelson Morley
Experiments. These experiments conclusively proved the long held
Stationary Ether Theory of the Universe to be invalid. Albert Einstein
then stated mathematically his Theory of Relativity, relating the
gravitational phenomena to the "space time continuum".
There is a lesser known theory, the Universal Particle Field (UPF) Theory,
attempting to present a physical model for the gravitational and
electro-magnetic phenomena. The attempt to prove or disprove this theory,
is the purpose of the herein proposed device.
There are two schools of thought in this field, one believes that there is
a "field" in the Universe that causes gravitation, the other believes that
the gravitational forces emanate from the masses themselves. The proposed
experiment may also shed light on this controversy.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
In order to understand the proposed device, one must first be acquainted
with the Universal Particle Field Theory. According to this theory, the
Universe is saturated with sub-atomic particles moving at random with the
speed of light, in every direction (FIG. 1), except near Black Holes. This
has a great deal of similarity to the behavior of gases in a semi-infinite
volume: such as particle mass and velocity, particle density per unit
volume, pressure, elastic collisions between particles, and mean free path
between collisions. Since there is an equal and oppositely directed
particle, for every particle, one can consider the field to be made up of
opposing particle pairs (FIG. 2). The Universal Particle (UP) beam,
traversing a mass, is reduced in density by collisions within the atomic
structure of said mass, and it is imparting the force of impact upon said
mass.
Considering gravitational attraction between two masses, the only UP beams
that cause gravitational attraction, are those that traverse both masses,
henceforth called "significant" UP beams. The significant UP field between
two spheres, is shown schematically in FIG. 3. In effect, the masses
appear to focus the significant attenuated UP beams on each other. For
approximate calculations, the centers of gravities can be considered as
focal points of the significant UP beams. The projected area of a solid
angle is proportional to the square of the distance from the focal point,
hence the inverse square relationship of the centers of gravity spacing,
in Newton's Equation of the Gravitational Force. The two masses m.sub.1
and m.sub.2 in this equation, determine the UP attenuation parameters,
respectively.
The device proposed to test the UPF Theory, is based on a Shaded Rotor UP
Pressure Integrator (FIG.'s 4 & 5). A relatively large shading mass
surrounds a rotor, supported on low friction magnetic bearings. A narrow
slot in the shading mass, is in line with a segment of the rotor rim mass.
Since there is a "phantom" mirror image mass at 180 degrees from said
slot, equal in mass to the mass removed from slot 3, the rotor rim mass is
shaded more on the side opposite from the slot. And since most other UP
beams, traversing the rotor rim mass, have equal and opposite
counterparts, there should be a net force on the rotor. Calculations
indicate that a slot of removed mass of 100,000 kilograms, should impart
on a 10 kilogram rotor rim segment, a force of about equal to that
produced by a 6.8 milligram weight on Earth.
There are significant UP beams that partially traverse slot 3, and impart
forward and reverse torques on rotor 1. It is shown by Finite Element
Analysis (FIG.'s 6, 7, & 8), that the forward components are larger; hence
the above force calculations are conservative.
DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Universal Particle Field.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the Universal Particle pair concept.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the Significant Universal Particle Field
between two spherical masses.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view diagram of the Shaded Rotor Universal
Particle Pressure Integrator (SRUPPI) device.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional side elevational view of the Shaded Rotor
Universal Particle Pressure Integrator (SRUPPI) device.
FIG. 6, 7, & 8 are diagrams outlining the Finite Element Significant UP
Force Vector Analysis, each UP vector represents a 5 degree solid angle of
UP beams.
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a gas analogy Shaded Rotor device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The proposed device comprises rotor 1, surrounded by shade mass 2, with
slot 3, in line with rim 4 of rotor 1. Said rotor is supported by low
friction magnetic levitating bearings 5, which bearings are guided by
polished steel pin 6, and teflon bushing 7. Most of the mass of rotor 1 is
in rim 4, which is supported by spokes 8. The UP beam traversing slot 3,
reaches the rotor rim 4 without attenuation in said slot, while the UP
beam at 180 degrees from slot 3, is slightly attenuated by "phantom" mass
10. Only those UP beams that traverse totally or partially in slot 3, can
have unbalanced or resultant net forces on rotor rim 4. All other UP beams
traversing the above configuration, have equal and opposite counterparts,
hence no net forces will be imparted by them upon rotor rim 4. Rotor 1 is
made of non-magnetic materials.
To calculate the force imparted on rotor 1, by the imbalance produced by
the above shade mass 2, Newton's Gravitational Force Equation is used:
F=G m.sub.1 m.sub.2 /d.sup.2
where F is force in Newtons, in the MKS System.
G is the Universal Gravitational constant; G=6.67.times.10.sup.-11 Newton
meter.sup.2 /kg.sup.2 m.sub.1 and m.sub.2 are (point) masses in kg, they
are UP beam attenuation terms. d is the distance between centers of
gravities of the masses in meters,
The 1/d.sup.2 is a solid angle beam density attenuation from focal point
term. It is a specific coupling coefficient between spherical masses. A
more generalized coupling coefficient C may be designated.
One must understand that Newton's Gravitational Force Equation, is
absolutely correct only if the masses are point masses. It is only
approximately correct for "real" masses using centers of gravity spacings
for d. The approximation gets better as d is increasing relative to the
major dimensions of the masses. Only element by element summation of the
forces, will give nearly correct total force of attraction, as the number
of elements are approaching infinity.
The resultant force on rotor rim 4, is approximated by Finite Element
Analysis, the outline of the analysis is indicated on FIG.'s 6, 7, & 8. To
minimize confusion, only the "significant" UP beams are indicated. These
are UP beams that traverse slot 3, totally or partially; each arrow
represents a 5 degree solid angle of Universal Particle beams.
The magnitude of the vector force causing a torque on rotor rim segment
mass 9, due to the UP beams traversing slot 3, is calculated by using the
mass of the material removed to form slot 3, and the mass of rotor rim
segment mass 9, in Newton's Gravitational Force Equation. In conventional
thinking rotor rim segment mass 9, is attracted by phantom mass 10, 180
degrees from slot 3. Thus, the vector force, with d=1, m.sub.1 =10 kg,
m.sub.2 =100,000 kg=100 metric tons is:
F=G(m.sub.1 m.sub.2)=6.67.times.10
-11.times.(10.times.100,000)=6.67.times.10 -5 Newtons
This force is about equal to a force produced by a mass, on the Earth's
surface, of m=F/g=6.67.times.10 -5/9.8=6.8.times.10 -6 kg=6.8 milligrams
To significantly increase the net force on the rotor, to increase speed of
response, and to conserve real estate, multiple slots may be utilized. The
counter force would increase only slightly, for a well designed
configuration.
There are other vectors that add to, and others that oppose the rotation of
rotor 1. Finite Element Analysis (FIGS. 6, 7, & 8) indicates that, the
efficiency of the device improves as the rotor rim and the slot width is
reduced, consistent with an increased length slot. The analysis was made
for a slot length to rotor diameter ratio of 100 to 1, using 8 point
masses on the rim, up to 21 UP beams to each rim-mass partially traversing
the slot, and one UP beam totally within the slot. The rotor diameter, to
slot width and rotor rim width ratio of 100 to 1 was used. The results
clearly indicate that, under the above conditions, more forward torque is
produced on the rotor by the summation of forces on the 8 rim "masses",
than reverse torques. The UP vectors are longer on the lower semi circle,
and they are generally closer to tangency, then on the upper semi circle,
hence causing a forward torque on the rotor.
It appears that magnetic levitating bearings are suitable for the above
force, on a 1 meter diameter rotor. The guide bearing should be in one
plane only, so that the rotor is self aligning to the minimum potential
energy position, and highly accurate balancing of the rotor is not
required.
Probably the most cost effective method of building the "Shaded Rotor UP
Pressure Integrator" device, is by using a piece of flat ground, for the
shading mass, and digging out space for the rotor enclosure, and digging
out the slot or slots. The rotor housing should be hermetically sealed,
and it should have preferably, a clear top plate window 16.
Referring now to the gas analogy, paddle wheel 11 in FIG. 9 with shades 12,
is expected to rotate if the free mean path of the gas, is much longer
than the spacing between paddles 13 and shades 12, respectively.
If total UP beam absorbing masses were available, for shade mass 2, and the
UP Field exists as stipulated, rotor segment mass 9 would move away from
slot 3, since the only unbalanced UP impact forces on the rotor would be
through slot 3.
According to the "No Field" Theory, where masses are mysteriously
attracting each other, point by point integration of forces without
considering attenuation by intervening masses, for the "Shaded Rotor UP
Pressure Integrator" configuration, no rotation should occur. The rotor is
perfectly symmetrical to each element, so that no net forces are produced
on the rotor. However, with absorbing intervening masses considered, there
is a net force on the rotor.
The electrostatic force equation between two charges (in coulomb's), have
the same form as the gravitational force equation between two masses (in
kg's), however due to the magnitudes of the Universal Constants, the
electrostatic forces are over 20 orders of magnitude larger than the
gravitational forces It is stipulated that as the UP beam traverses a mass
with an excess of electrons or protons, the UP beam is attentuated
significantly more than in the case of traversing a neutral mass. The
attraction between unlike charges, and the repulsion between like charges
have no simple explanations; we may be dealing with multiple species of
UP's.
Forces between magnetic dipoles, have similarity to electrostatic forces,
in that there is attraction and repulsion, and that their magnitudes per
unit masses, are many orders of magnitudes larger than gravitational
forces.
Inertial forces are probably caused by the UPF's interaction with the
masses, but the precise form of interaction is yet to be discovered.
Bringing the UPF Theory down to Earth, the apparent "attraction" is caused
by the unbalance of the UP beam vector components vertically up,
attentuated slightly, by traversing the mass of the Earth. The UP vector
components vertically down, are at full strength, un-attenuated by the
Earth's mass. All horizontal force components are balanced. (Cosmic rays
have been detected in tunnels under several miles of rock).
This hypothesis also implies that there is a maximum value of gravitation,
or uni-directional (resultant) UP beam pressure, in the vicinity of masses
so massive that no UP beams can traverse them, (the mass of a Black Hole).
Classical physicists are currently measuring "gravity waves" or
"gravitons", emanating from the Universe, and are also measuring the
absorption of these gravitons by intervening masses.
It is implied that if the mean free path of the UP's are measured in
stellar distances, the non incandescent mass distribution of space, may be
measured, within the free mean path of the UP's, by a single slot SRUPPI
device.
It is also possible that the UPF's interaction with the atomic structure of
matter, is holding matter from "flying" apart.
There is a major distinguishing factor in the behavior of the Shaded Rotor
UP Pressure Integrator, between UPF operation and "individual element
attraction" operation. As the mass free slot length L is increased, for
the UPF hypothesis, the force on the rotor rim mass should increase,
approaching linear increase for large L/Dia. ratios. As for the
"individual mass element attraction hypothesis, rotor segment mass 9
should be moving toward slot 3, since the attenuation of mass attraction,
due to intervening masses, is smallest at rotor segment mass 9, due to
slot 3. As the slot length is increased, the net force on the rotor rim
mass should asymptotically approach a constant.
It is stipulated that the Universal Particle Field may have been formed by
the original "Big Bang" of the Universe, and it may still be expanding.
The direction of rotation of the rotor, for the UPF Theory, in FIG. 4, was
set up such that the rotation of the Earth will add 1 revolution per day,
to the rotation of the rotor, on the Northern hemisphere, (Coriolis
Effect). The rotor contains optical rulings 14, and in conjunction with an
optical/digital tachometer 15, the speed of the rotor is measured. The
rotor should initially accelerate to a terminal speed, then maintain that
speed, for a constant UPF.
The final conclusion is that, if a device like the "Shaded Rotor Universal
Particle Pressure Integrator" has never been built, it should be built;
and the UPF Theory should be proven or laid to rest, once and for all.
It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art, that this invention
may take various embodiments other than the illustrative embodiment
heretofore described. Accordingly, we intend by the following claims to
cover all modifications within the spirit and scope of our invention.
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