Back to EveryPatent.com
United States Patent |
5,309,757
|
Hashimoto
,   et al.
|
May 10, 1994
|
Cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion
engine
Abstract
A cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion
engine can generate an exact reference position signal at an earliest
possible time during engine start-up operation, thereby making it possible
to identify predetermined reference positions of each cylinder in a highly
accurate manner. A first signal generator 1 is provided on a camshaft for
generating a cylinder identifying signal SC in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft. A second signal generator 4 is provided on a
crankshaft for generating, in synchronization with the rotation of the
crankshaft, a pulse signal P containing a series of pulses each
corresponding to predetermined first and second crank positions of each
cylinder. A reference position signal generating circuit 2 generates,
based on the output signals from the first and second signal generators, a
reference position signal ST containing a series of pulses each exactly
indicating the predetermined crank position of each cylinder and a
cylinder identifying information signal indicative of the cylinder
corresponding to each pulse of the reference position signal.
Inventors:
|
Hashimoto; Atsuko (Himeji, JP);
Iwata; Toshio (Himeji, JP)
|
Assignee:
|
Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha (Tokyo, JP)
|
Appl. No.:
|
908467 |
Filed:
|
July 6, 1992 |
Foreign Application Priority Data
| Jul 04, 1991[JP] | 3-164493 |
| Jul 04, 1991[JP] | 3-164494 |
| Jul 05, 1991[JP] | 3-165837 |
Current U.S. Class: |
73/116; 324/207.25 |
Intern'l Class: |
G01M 015/00 |
Field of Search: |
73/116
123/414
324/207.25
|
References Cited
U.S. Patent Documents
3915131 | Oct., 1975 | Brungsberg | 123/414.
|
4338813 | Jul., 1982 | Hunninghaus et al. | 73/116.
|
5041979 | Aug., 1991 | Hirka et al. | 73/116.
|
5070727 | Dec., 1991 | Davis et al. | 73/116.
|
Foreign Patent Documents |
3742675 | Mar., 1988 | DE.
| |
3913464 | Jun., 1989 | DE.
| |
4133752 | Jan., 1992 | DE.
| |
134069 | May., 1989 | JP.
| |
Primary Examiner: Noland; Tom
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Sughrue, Mion, Zinn, Macpeak and Seas
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal
combustion engine having a crankshaft and a camshaft operatively coupled
to the crankshaft for rotation therewith, said apparatus comprising:
a single, first signal generator (1; 101) provided on the camshaft for
generating a cylinder identifying signal in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft;
a second signal generator (4; 104) provided on the crankshaft for
generating, in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a
pulse signal containing a series of pulses each corresponding to a
predetermined crank position of each cylinder; and
reference position signal generating means (2; 102) for generating, based
on the output signals from said first and second generators, a reference
position signal containing a series of pulses each exactly indicating the
predetermined crank position of each cylinder, and a cylinder identifying
information signal indicative of the cylinder corresponding to each pulse
of the reference position signal, wherein said cylinder identifying signal
comprises a series of a plurality of rectangular-shaped pulses each
corresponding to a specific cylinder and having pulse widths different
from each other.
2. A cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal
combustion engine having a crankshaft and a camshaft operatively coupled
to the crankshaft for rotation therewith, said apparatus comprising:
a single, first signal generator (1; 101) provided on the camshaft for
generating a cylinder identifying signal in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft;
a second signal generator (4; 104) provided on the crankshaft for
generating, in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a
pulse signal containing a series of pulses each corresponding to a
predetermined crank position of each cylinder; and
reference position signal generating means (2; 102) for generating, based
on the output signals from said first and second generators, a reference
position signal containing a series of pulses each exactly indicating the
predetermined crank position of each cylinder, and a cylinder identifying
information signal indicative of the cylinder corresponding to each pulse
of the reference position signal, wherein said cylinder identifying signal
comprises a series of rectangular pulses of the same pulse width
corresponding to non-specific cylinders with the absence of a pulse
corresponding to a specific cylinder.
3. A cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal
combustion engine having a crankshaft and a camshaft operatively coupled
to the crankshaft for rotation therewith, said apparatus comprising:
a single, first signal generator (1; 101) provided on the camshaft for
generating a cylinder identifying signal in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft;
a second signal generator (4; 104) provided on the crankshaft for
generating, in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a
pulse signal containing a series of pulses each corresponding to a
predetermined crank position of each cylinder; and
reference position signal generating means (2; 102) for generating, based
on the output signals from said first and second generators, a reference
position signal containing a series of pulses each exactly indicating the
predetermined crank position of each cylinder, and a cylinder identifying
information signal indicative of the cylinder corresponding to each pulse
of the reference position signal, wherein said pulse signal generated by
said second signal generator comprises a first pulse corresponding to a
first predetermined reference position of each cylinder, and a series of
second pulses of which the earliest one corresponds to a second
predetermined reference position of each cylinder.
4. A cylinder identifying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the
second pulses comprise a plurality of pulse groups each corresponding to
one of the cylinders and being different in the number of pulses from each
other to serve for cylinder identification.
5. A cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal
combustion engine having a crankshaft and a camshaft operatively coupled
to the crankshaft for rotation therewith, said apparatus comprising:
a single, first signal generator (1; 101) provided on the camshaft for
generating a cylinder identifying signal in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft;
a second signal generator (4; 104) provided on the crankshaft for
generating, in synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a
pulse signal containing a series of pulses each corresponding to a
predetermined crank position of each cylinder; and
reference position signal generating means (2; 102) for generating, based
on the output signals from said first and second generators, a reference
position signal containing a series of pulses each exactly indicating the
predetermined crank position of each cylinder, and a cylinder identifying
information signal indicative of the cylinder corresponding to each pulse
of the reference position signal, wherein said reference position signal
generating means comprises:
a reference position signal generating section for generating a reference
position signal indicative of a first and a second predetermined reference
position of each cylinder; and
a cylinder identifying section for counting the number of pulses in the
reference position pulse signal from said second pulse generator during
each high level of the cylinder identifying signal and generating a
cylinder identifying information signal used for cylinder identification.
Description
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cylinder identifying apparatus for a
multi-cylinder internal combustion engine which can identify reference
positions of each cylinder in a highly accurate manner.
In general, in a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having a
crankshaft driven by a plurality of cylinders and a camshaft operatively
connected with the crankshaft, a plurality of reference position signals,
which are generated by a reference signal generator in synchronism with
the rotation of the crankshaft, are used for controlling engine operation
such as ignition timing and fuel injection timing for each cylinder. Each
of the reference position signals corresponds to a predetermined
rotational angle of the crankshaft, which is hereinafter referred to as a
predetermined crank angle or position. The reference signal generator is
generally mounted on the crankshaft or the camshaft which is operatively
connected with the crankshaft in synchronized rotation therewith.
FIG. 8 illustrates a typical example of a conventional cylinder identifying
apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine. The apparatus
illustrated includes a first or cylinder identifying signal generator 201
mounted on an unillustrated camshaft, which is operatively connected to an
unillustrated crankshaft of the engine for synchronized rotation
therewith, for generating a cylinder identifying signal SC", and a second
or reference signal generator 202 mounted on the camshaft for generating a
reference position signal ST' indicative of two predetermined reference
positions corresponding to two predetermined crank angles. The cylinder
identifying signal SC" from the first signal generator 201 and the
reference signal ST' from the second signal generator 202 are supplied
through a first and a second interface 203, 204, respectively, to a
control unit in the form of a microcomputer 205 which identifies reference
positions for each cylinder based on these signals to thereby control the
ignition timing for each cylinder.
Generally, the camshaft, on which the cylinder identifying signal generator
201 and the reference signal generator 202 are mounted, is operatively
connected with the crankshaft such that it performs one complete
revolution per two revolutions of the crankshaft.
As shown in FIG. 9, the cylinder identifying signal generator 201 generates
a cylinder identifying signal SC" comprising an appropriate number of
pulses each corresponding to a specific cylinder per one camshaft
revolution, and the reference signal generator 202 generates a reference
position signal ST' comprising a plurality of reference pulses each
corresponding to predetermined reference crank positions of a
corresponding cylinder. For example, these signal generators 201, 202 may
be constructed as follows. A rotating disk is mounted on the camshaft for
integral rotation therewith and has a plurality of first and second
arcuate slits formed therethrough. The first slits correspond in number to
the cylinders and are disposed around the center of rotation of the disk
at equal circumferential intervals. Each of the first slits has a leading
edge and a trailing edge corresponding to two predetermined reference
crank positions or angles for a corresponding cylinder. Each of the second
slits corresponds to a specific cylinder. The first and second slits
during the rotation of the disk are sensed by an appropriate sensing means
such as a photocoupler which generates a cylinder identifying signal each
time it senses one of the second slits, and a reference position signal
each time it senses one of the first slits.
FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing the waveforms of the cylinder
identifying signal SC" and of the reference position signal ST', which are
adapted for use with an engine having four cylinders #1 through #4. Here,
the cylinder identifying signal SC" includes two kinds of
rectangular-shaped pulses generated for two specific cylinders, cylinder
#1 and cylinder #4. The reference position signal ST' includes a series of
rectangular-shaped pulses each having a leading or rising edge
corresponding to a second reference position of a corresponding cylinder,
e.g., 75 degrees (B75.degree.) before top dead center (BTDC), and a
trailing or falling edge corresponding to a first reference position
thereof, e.g., 5 degrees (B5.degree.) BTDC.
The operation of the above-mentioned conventional apparatus will now be
described below while referring to the waveform diagram of FIG. 9. As the
engine starts to operate, the first and second signal generators 201, 202
generate a cylinder identifying signal SC" and a reference position signal
ST' which are fed to the microcomputer 205. Based on these signals SC" and
ST', the microcomputer 205 senses the first reference position B5.degree.
and the second reference position B75.degree. of each cylinder and
controls the optimum ignition timing and the optimum fuel injection timing
for each cylinder in a timer-controlled manner on the basis of the first
and second reference positions thus sensed while reflecting the running
conditions of the engine such as the rotational number (rpm), the engine
load, etc.
In this case, however, since the camshaft is operatively connected with the
crankshaft through a power transmission belt such as a timing belt, it is
extremely difficult to always ensure that the camshaft rotates in exact
synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft. As a result, the
reference position signal ST' may involve a certain degree of error and
thus does not exactly reflect or indicate the predetermined crank
positions.
In summary, with the conventional cylinder identifying apparatus as
described above, the first and second reference positions B5.degree.,
B75.degree., which are detected or determined based on the reference
position signal ST' from the reference signal generator 2 mounted on the
camshaft, involve more or less errors, so it is impossible to perform
highly precise control on the engine using the first and second reference
positions.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, the present invention is intended to overcome the
above-described problems of the conventional cylinder identifying
apparatus.
An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved cylinder
identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine
which is able to detect or determine reference crank positions of each
cylinder with improved accuracy, thereby making it possible to control
engine operation based on the thus determined reference crank positions in
a precise manner.
A more specific object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved
cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion
engine which is able to more precisely detect or determine predetermined
reference positions for each cylinder based on a pulse signal from a pulse
signal generator which is provided on a crankshaft of the engine.
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention,
there is provided a cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder
internal combustion engine having a crankshaft and a camshaft operatively
connected to the crankshaft for rotation therewith, the apparatus
comprising:
a first signal generator provided on the camshaft for generating a cylinder
identifying signal in synchronization with the rotation of the camshaft;
a second signal generator provided on the crankshaft for generating, in
synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a pulse signal
containing a series of pulses each corresponding to a predetermined crank
position of each cylinder;
reference position signal generating means for generating, based on the
output signals from the first and second generators, a reference position
signal containing a series of pulses each exactly indicating the
predetermined crank position of each cylinder and a cylinder identifying
information signal indicative of the cylinder corresponding to each pulse
of the reference position signal.
In a preferred form, the cylinder identifying signal comprises a series of
a plurality of rectangular-shaped pulses each corresponding to a specific
cylinder and having pulse widths different from each other.
In another preferred form, the cylinder identifying signal comprises a
series of rectangular pulses of the same pulse width corresponding to
non-specific cylinders with the absence of a pulse corresponding to a
specific cylinder.
In one form, the pulse signal generated by the second signal generator
comprises a first pulse corresponding to a first predetermined reference
position of each cylinder, and a second pulse corresponding to a second
predetermined reference position of each cylinder.
In another form, the pulse signal generated by the second signal generator
comprises a first pulse corresponding to a first predetermined reference
position of each cylinder, and a series of second pulses of which the
earliest one corresponds to a second predetermined reference position of
each cylinder.
The second pulses may comprise a plurality of pulse groups each
corresponding to one of the cylinders and being different in the number of
pulses from each other to serve for cylinder identification.
Preferably, the reference position signal generating means comprises: a
reference position signal generating section for generating a reference
position signal indicative of a first and a second predetermined reference
position of each cylinder; and a cylinder identifying section for counting
the number of pulses in the reference position pulse signal from the
second pulse generator during each high level of the cylinder identifying
signal and generating a cylinder identifying information signal used for
cylinder identification.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will
be more readily apparent from the following detailed description of
preferred embodiments of the invention taken in conjunction with the
accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the general arrangement of a cylinder
identifying apparatus in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a waveform diagram showing one example of waveforms of various
signals used in the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2, but showing another example of
waveforms of various signals used in the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but showing another embodiment of the
invention;
FIGS. 5 through 7 are waveform diagrams respectively showing different
examples of the waveforms of signals which are adapted to be used with the
apparatus of FIG. 4;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram similar to FIG. 1, but showing a conventional
cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal combustion
engine; and
FIG. 9 is a waveform diagram showing the waveforms of signals used in the
conventional apparatus of FIG. 9.
In the drawings, the same symbols identify the same or corresponding parts.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in
detail while referring to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to the drawings and first to FIG. 1, therein is illustrated in
block form a cylinder identifying apparatus for a multi-cylinder internal
combustion engine constructed in accordance with a first embodiment of the
invention. In this embodiment, the invention is applied to a four-cylinder
internal combustion engine. A first or cylinder identifying signal
generator 1 is provided on a camshaft of the engine, which is operatively
connected with a crankshaft in synchronized rotation therewith, for
generating a cylinder identifying signal SC containing a series of plural
kinds of rectangular-shaped pulses which have relatively large pulse
widths and correspond to specific cylinders (e.g., cylinder #1 and
cylinder #2 in the illustrated embodiment), as depicted in FIG. 2.
Different kinds of cylinder identifying pulses SC each for a corresponding
specific cylinder or cylinder group have different pulse widths. In the
illustrated example of FIG. 2, a first kind of cylinder identifying pulse
corresponding to cylinder #1 has a relatively wide pulse width and a
second kind of cylinder identifying pulse corresponding to cylinder #2 has
a relatively narrow pulse width. For example, the first signal generator 1
may be the same as the one employed with the conventional apparatus of
FIG. 8. That is, it comprises a rotating disk which is fixedly mounted on
the unillustrated camshaft for integral rotation therewith and has a
plurality of arcuate slits formed therethrough and corresponding to the
cylinders of the engine, each of the slits having a leading edge
corresponding to a second reference position (e.g., B75.degree.) of a
cylinder and a trailing edge corresponding to a first reference position
(e.g., B5.degree.) thereof, and optical sensing means in the form of a
photocoupler for sensing each slit in the rotating disk each time it takes
a predetermined location during the rotation of the disk. The output
signal SC from the first signal generator 1 is supplied to a reference
signal generating circuit 2 via an interface 3.
A second signal generator 4 in the form of a pulse signal generator is
provided on the crankshaft for generating, in synchronization with the
rotation with the crankshaft, a pulse signal comprising a series of pulses
each representative of predetermined crank angles or positions for each
cylinder. For example, the pulse signal generator 4 may comprise a ring
gear which is mounted on the crankshaft for integral rotation therewith
and has a plurality of gear teeth formed around the circumferential
surface thereof at predetermined circumferential intervals, and an
electromagnetic pickup which is disposed near the ring gear in such a
manner that each time it faces one of the gear teeth of the ring gear
during the rotation of the crankshaft, it generates an output pulse
generally in the form of a sharp sinusoidal pulse.
The pulse signal P from the second or pulse signal generator 4 is fed to a
waveform shaper 5 where it is waveform shaped to provide a waveform-shaped
pulse signal P' comprising a series of rectangular-shaped pulses each
having a limited pulse width which falls at a crank angle of 75.degree. or
5.degree. before top dead center of each cylinder (hereinafter referred to
as B75.degree. or B5.degree.). The thus shaped pulse signal P' is then fed
to the reference signal generating circuit 2 which generates a reference
position signal ST comprising a series of rectangular-shaped pulses each
having a relatively large pulse width, as depicted at ST in FIG. 2.
Specifically, each pulse of the reference position signal ST has a rising
edge upon the falling of a rectangular-shaped pulse of the waveform-shaped
pulse signal P' at B75.degree. and a falling edge upon the falling of the
following rectangular-shaped pulse of the waveform-shaped pulse signal P'
at B5.degree.. The reference position signal ST thus generated is fed to a
control unit in the form of a microcomputer 6.
The reference position signal generating circuit 2 includes a reference
position identifying section 2A which identifies the first and second
reference positions of each cylinder based on the shaped pulse signal P'
from the waveform shaper 5 and the cylinder identifying signal SC from the
first signal generator 1 to generate a cylinder identifying information
signal C which is fed to the microcomputer 6. On the basis of the cylinder
identifying information signal C and the reference position signal ST, the
microcomputer 6 properly controls engine operation such as ignition
timing, fuel injection timing for each cylinder in an accurate manner.
More specifically, the reference signal generating circuit 2 senses the
level of the cylinder identifying signal SC upon the falling of each pulse
of the shaped pulse signal P' (three successive times in the illustrated
example) for determining whether it is at a high level ("1") or at a low
level ("0"). Based on a series of three consecutive values thus
determined, the reference signal generating circuit 2 identifies to which
cylinder and to which reference position thereof the falling edge of each
of the three consecutive pulses ST corresponds by using an appropriate
table or data previously stored in the microcomputer 6. For example, the
falling edge of the last one of three consecutive pulses ST is identified
on the basis of a series of three SC signal levels in the following
manner:
______________________________________
SC SIGNAL CYLINDER AND
LEVEL SERIES REFERENCE POSITION
______________________________________
[1, 0, 1] 2nd ref. position B75.degree. of cylinder #1
[0, 1, 1] 1st ref. position B5.degree. of cylinder #1
[1, 1, 1] 2nd ref. position B75.degree. of cylinder #3
[1, 1, 0] 1st ref. position B5.degree. of cylinder #3
[1, 0, 0] 2nd ref. position B75.degree. of cylinder #4
[0, 0, 0] 1st ref. position B5.degree. of cylinder #4
[0, 0, 1] 2nd ref. position B75.degree. of cylinder #2
[0, 1, 0] 1st ref. position B5.degree. of cylinder #2
______________________________________
For example, the reference position signal generating circuit 2 can encode
the reference positions thus identified to provide cylinder identifying
information C which, along with the reference position signal ST, is then
input to the microcomputer 6. Thus, upon generation of only three pulses
of the waveform-shaped pulse signal P', the cylinder and the reference
position thereof corresponding to the falling edge of the last one of the
three consecutive pulses can be concurrently and exactly identified at a
very early stage of engine start-up or cranking operation.
In this manner, once the cylinder identifying information C for a cylinder
is first input to the microcomputer 6, the following cylinders and their
reference positions can thereafter be successively identified on the basis
of the reference position signal ST successively supplied from the
reference signal generating circuit 2 to the microcomputer 6 since the
sequence of operations of the cylinders is predetermined. Therefore, the
cylinder identifying information C may be generated only once for the
first identified cylinder.
Moreover, the reference position signal ST generated by the reference
signal generating circuit 2 is completely synchronized with the rotation
of the crankshaft, so it has a waveform which exactly rises at the second
reference position B75.degree. of each cylinder and exactly falls at the
first reference position B5.degree. of each cylinder. Thus, the reference
position signal ST involves no error, making it possible to perform the
most accurate detection of reference positions of each cylinder.
In this manner, a highly accurate reference position signal St is generated
on the basis of the cylinder identifying signal SC, which comprises a
plurality of kinds of pulses having different pulse widths and which are
generated in synchronism with the rotation of the camshaft, and the
reference position signal P', which is exactly synchronized with the
rotation of the crankshaft, whereby the computer 6 can accurately control
the engine.
FIG. 3 shows another example of various signals P, P', ST and SC' usable
with the apparatus of FIG. 1. In this example, the reference position
pulse signal P generated by the second or pulse signal generator 4, the
waveform-shaped pulse signal P' and the reference position signal ST are
the same as those illustrated in FIG. 2, but the cylinder identifying
signal SC' is different from the signal SC of FIG. 2 in that it contains a
first kind of rectangular pulse which corresponds to a first specific
cylinder #1 and which has a wide pulse width greater than an angular
distance or crank angle between the falling edges of successive pulses of
the waveform-shaped pulse signal P' (i.e., between the first and second
reference positions for each cylinder), and a second kind of rectangular
pulse which corresponds to a second specific cylinder #4 and which has a
narrow pulse width smaller than the angular distance between the falling
edges of successive pulses of the waveform-shaped pulse signal P'. Namely,
the pulse width of the first kind of pulse for the first specific cylinder
#1 is preset such that the level thereof is high at the falling edges of
two successive pulses of the pulse signal P'. On the other hand, the pulse
width of the second kind of pulse is such that the level thereof is high
and low, respectively, at the falling edges of two successive pulses of
the shaped reference position pulse signal P'.
In this case, the reference position identifying section 2A of the
reference position signal generating circuit 2 identifies the cylinders
and their reference positions in the following manner. If the level of the
cylinder identifying signal SC' is high at the falling edges of two
successive pulses of the waveform-shaped pulse signal P', it is determined
that the falling edge of the first or preceding one of the two pulses
corresponds to the second reference position B75.degree. of the first
specific cylinder #1, and that the falling edge of the second or following
one of the two pulses corresponds to the first reference position
B5.degree. of the first specific cylinder #1. Also, if the level of the
cylinder identifying signal SC' is high and low at the falling edges of
two successive pulses of the waveform-shaped pulse signal P', it is
determined that the falling edge of the first or preceding one of the two
pulses corresponds to the second reference position B75.degree. of the
second specific cylinder #4, and that the falling edge of the second or
following one of the two pulses corresponds to the first reference
position B5.degree. of the second specific cylinder #4. Once cylinder
identification is made in the above-described manner, the following pulses
and their falling edges can be automatically identified since the sequence
of operations of the cylinders is predetermined.
FIG. 4 illustrates another embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 5
illustrates the waveforms of various signals used in this embodiment. This
embodiment is substantially similar to the previous embodiment of FIG. 1
except for the following. Specifically, a first or cylinder identifying
signal generator 101, which is provided on a camshaft of the engine as in
the previous embodiment of FIG. 1, generates, in synchronization with the
rotation of the camshaft, a cylinder identifying signal SC1 comprising a
plurality of rectangular-shaped pulses each having the same pulse width
and corresponding to non-specific cylinders (e.g., cylinders #2, #3 and
#4) with the failure or absence of a pulse corresponding to a specific
cylinder (e.g., cylinder #1), as depicted at SC1 in FIG. 5. A second or
pulse signal generator 104, which is provided on a crankshaft of the
engine as in the previous embodiment of FIG. 1, generates, in
synchronization with the rotation of the crankshaft, a pulse signal P1
containing a series of sharp sinusoidal pulses which comprises a group of
first pulses generally corresponding to a second reference position (e.g.,
B75.degree.) of each cylinder and a second pulse corresponding to a first
reference position (e.g., B5.degree.) of each cylinder. In the illustrated
example of FIG. 5, the group of first pulses includes a series of two
pulses of which the first or earlier one corresponds to the second
reference position (B75.degree.) of each cylinder, and the second or later
one thereof is used for identifying a particular group of cylinders (e.g.,
cylinders #2 and #3). The output pulse signal P1 from the second signal
generator 104 is fed to a waveform shaper 105 wherein each sharp
sinusoidal pulse thereof is waveform shaped into a sharp
rectangular-shaped pulse to provide a waveform-shaped pulse signal P1'
which is then fed to a reference position signal generating circuit 102.
The reference position signal generating circuit 102 includes a reference
position signal generating section 110 for generating a reference position
signal ST indicative of first and second predetermined reference positions
(e.g., B5.degree. and B75.degree.) of each cylinder, and a cylinder
identifying section 120 for counting the number of pulses (i.e., the
number of falling edges of pulses) in the waveform-shaped pulse signal P1'
during each high level of the cylinder identifying signal SC1 and
generating a cylinder identifying information signal C' used for cylinder
identification.
The reference position signal generating section 110 is connected at its
input side to the first signal generator 101 via an interface 103 and to
the second signal generator 104 via the waveform shaper 105, and at its
output side to a control unit in the form of a microcomputer 106. Based on
the output pulse signal SC1 from the first signal generator 101 and the
shaped pulse signal P1' from the waveform shaper 105, the reference
position signal generating section 110 generates a reference position
signal ST comprising a series of rectangular-shaped pulses, each of which
rises upon the falling of the first or earliest pulse of each two pulse
group, i.e., at the second reference position (B75.degree.) of each
cylinder, and falls upon the falling of a first pulse, i.e., at the first
reference position (B5.degree.) of each cylinder, as depicted at ST in
FIG. 5.
The cylinder identifying section 120 comprises a NAND gate 121 which has a
first input terminal connected to the interface 103, a second input
terminal connected to the waveform shaper 105 and an output terminal for
generating an output signal when one of the input terminals thereof is
high and the other input terminal is low, a counter 122 for counting the
number of outputs from the NAND gate 121, and an encoder 123 connected to
receive the output signal from the counter 122 and the output signal SC1
from the first signal generator 101 via the interface 103 for identifying
the cylinder corresponding to each pulse of the reference position signal
ST and properly encoding the result of cylinder identification into
appropriate data such as a two-bit code which is then fed to an
unillustrated input port of the microcomputer 106 upon the falling of each
pulse of the reference position signal ST, i.e., at the first reference
position B5.degree. of each cylinder. Specifically, based on the counted
value of the counter 122 (i.e., the number of falling edges of pulses P1'
during a high level of the cylinder identifying signal SC1), the encoder
123 identifies the specific cylinder #1 or groups of other cylinders #2
through #4. That is, it is identified that count "0", "1" and "2"
correspond to cylinder #1, cylinder #4, and a group of cylinders #2 and
#3, respectively. In this case, once cylinder #1 or #4 has been
identified, the other cylinders can be sequentially identified since the
order of operation of the cylinders is predetermined.
The microcomputer 106 fetches the thus input cylinder identifying
information or data C' upon occurrence of the second reference position
B75.degree. of each cylinder and performs cylinder identification through
software processing. For example, the relation between the cylinder
identifying information C' in the form of a two-bit code and a
corresponding cylinder is expressed as follows.
______________________________________
CYLINDER IDENTIFYING
INFORMATION C' IDENTIFIED CYLINDER
______________________________________
[1, 1] cylinder #1
[1, 0] cylinder #3
[0, 1] cylinder #4
[0, 0] cylinder #2
______________________________________
As a result, the microcomputer 106 can quickly carry out cylinder and
reference position identification at the second reference position
B75.degree. of the first or initial cylinder to be identified, thereby
performing proper engine control in a very accurate manner based on the
reference position signal ST which is completely synchronized with the
rotation of the crankshaft and hence involves no error.
Although in the example of FIG. 5, the cylinder identifying signal SC1
generated by the first signal generator 101 comprises a series of
rectangular pulses of the same pulse width corresponding to non-specific
cylinders (e.g., cylinders #2, #3 and #4) while containing no pulse
corresponding to a specific cylinder (e.g., cylinder #1), it may be
composed of other kinds of pulses.
For example, as illustrated in FIG. 6, a cylinder identifying signal SC2
can be formed such that it comprises a series of rectangular pulses of the
same pulse width (e.g., a crank angle or distance of 35.degree.)
corresponding to non-specific cylinders #2, #3 and #4 and a pulse of a
different pulse width (e.g., a crank angle of 25.degree.) corresponding to
a specific cylinder #1. In this case, the encoder 123 can identify or
discriminate the specific cylinder #1 from the other cylinders based on
the difference in the pulse width between the pulses in the cylinder
identifying signal SC2.
Moreover, although in the foregoing embodiments, the present invention is
applied to a four-cylinder internal combustion engine, it can be equally
applied to a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine having any number
of cylinders.
Thus, FIG. 7 illustrates the waveforms of various signals adapted to be
used with a six cylinder internal combustion engine. In this example, a
cylinder identifying signal SC3 generated by the first signal generator
101 comprises a series of five rectangular pulses of the same pulse width
corresponding to five non-specific cylinders #2 through #6 and a failure
or absence of a pulse corresponding to a specific cylinder #1. A reference
position pulse signal P2 generated by the second signal generator 104 and
hence a waveform-shaped pulse signal P2' generated by the waveform shaper
105 comprise a first pulse corresponding to the first reference position
B5.degree. of each cylinder, and a plurality of groups of sharp second
pulses generally corresponding to the second reference position
B75.degree. of each cylinder. That is, the groups of second pulses
comprise a first group containing one sharp pulse for cylinders #1 and #4,
a second group containing two sharp pulses for cylinders #2 and #5, and a
third group containing three pulses for cylinders #3 and #6. A reference
position signal ST' comprises a series of rectangular pulses which
correspond to the cylinders #1 through #6 and each of which rises upon the
falling of each first pulse of the waveform-shaped reference position
pulse signal P2' (i.e., at B5.degree.), and falls upon the falling of the
first or earliest pulse of each group (i.e., at B75.degree.) thereof.
In this example, the cylinder groups are identified by counting the number
of pulses in the waveform-shaped reference position pulse signal P2'
during each high level of the cylinder identifying signal SC3. The
specific cylinder #1 is identified based on the failure or absence of a
pulse in the cylinder identifying signal SC3.
The results of the above cylinder identification can be encoded into
three-bits data or two-bits data, in the latter of which one code is
assigned to the specific cylinder #1 and the other three codes are
assigned to the three groups of cylinders, respectively.
In the above embodiment, the number of pulses in each group of the pulse
signal reference position P1 or P2 can be arbitrarily set to any value, as
necessary, as long as the cylinders and their predetermined reference
positions can be identified based on these pulses.
Top