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United States Patent | 5,155,280 |
Fried | October 13, 1992 |
A process for the preparation of an aldehyde which comprises reacting the corresponding alkanol with a solubilized stable free radical nitroxide having the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 is an alkyl, aryl or heteroatom substituted alkyl group having 1 to about 15 carbon atoms and each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is alkyl, hydrogen, aryl or a substituted heteroatom, an alkali metal nitrosodisulfonate, a non-basic polar solvent and an oxidant, for about eight hours or less at a temperature in the range of from about 10.degree. C. to about 20.degree. C. and thereafter separating out the aldehyde.
Inventors: | Fried; Herbert E. (Houston, TX) |
Assignee: | Shell Oil Company (Houston, TX) |
Appl. No.: | 759070 |
Filed: | September 30, 1991 |
Current U.S. Class: | 568/471; 568/426; 568/436; 568/442; 568/449; 568/470 |
Intern'l Class: | C07C 045/38; C07C 045/39 |
Field of Search: | 568/426,449,470,471,472,485,486,497,436,442,455 |
4620033 | Oct., 1986 | Isshiki et al. | 562/519. |
Foreign Patent Documents | |||
5096516 | Nov., 1986 | JP. |
Miyazawa et al., "Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol with Iron(III) Using Polymers Containing Nitroxyl Radical Structure as a Mediator", J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Chem. Ed., 23(9), 1985, pp. 2487-2494. Grigor'ev et al., "Participation of Nitroxyl Radical in the Oxidation of Aldehyde and Alcohol Groups in 3-Imidazolin-1-oxyls", Izc. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Khim., (1), 1978, pp. 208-210. Miyazawa et al., "Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol with Copper(II) Mediated by a Polymeric Oxoaminium Salt", J. Mol. Catal., 49(1), 1988, 131-134. Ganem et al., "Biological Spin Labels as Organic Reagents. Oxidation of Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds Using Nitroxyls", J. Org. Chem. 40(13), 1975, pp. 1998-2000. Miyazawa et al., "Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol by Iron(III) Mediated by Nitroxyl Radical", J. Mol. Catal., 31(2), 1985, pp. 217-220. Anelli et al., "Fast and Selective Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes or to Carboxylic Acids and of Secondary Alcohols to Ketones Mediated by Oxoammonium Salts Under Two-Phase Conditions", J. Org. Chem., 52 (12), pp. 2559-2562. Inokuchi et al., "A Selective and Efficient Method for Alcohol Oxidations Mediated by N-Oxoammonium Salts in Combination with Sodium Bromite", J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55, pp. 462-466. Organic Synthesis, vol. 69, p. 212 (1990). Semmelhack et al., "Oxidation of Alcohols to Aldehydes with Oxygen and Cupric Ion, Mediated by Nitrosonium Ion", J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1984, 106, 3374-3376. Yamaguchi et al., "Application of Redox System Based on Nitroxides to Organic Synthesis", Pure & Applied Chemistry, vol., 62(2), 1990, pp. 217-222. |
TABLE I ______________________________________ Oxidation Of Alkanols to Aldehydes % Sel. % % Sel. Esters + % Sel. Conversion Aldehydes Heavies Acids ______________________________________ Example 1 59 97 3 0 Example 2 49 78 7 15 Comparative 92 19 8 73 Example A Comparative 4.5 100 0 0 Example B ______________________________________