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United States Patent | 5,099,859 |
Bell | March 31, 1992 |
Apparatus and method for generating successive video images of a moving bone of a subject. A fluoroscope generates a fluoroscopic image of the moving bone. A video camera detects the fluoroscopic image and converts the detected image into successive video images. A recorder records the successive video images. A monitor displays the recorded successive video images as the images are being generated. The monitor is located adjacent the fluoroscope for viewing by an operator thereby permitting the operator to observe and/or position the bone in response to images displayed on the monitor. A crisscrossed grid is located adjacent the image intensifier of the fluoroscope between the bone and the image intensifier. A CPU compares the successive video images to a reference representation corresponding to a desired or previous movement or pattern of movement of the bone with respect to a second, immobilized bone and any resulting flexure of a joint between the bone and the second, immobilized bone.
Inventors: | Bell; Gene D. (3270 Brockton Common Dr., Florissant, MO 63031) |
Appl. No.: | 280566 |
Filed: | December 6, 1988 |
Current U.S. Class: | 600/594; 378/42; 378/98.2; 378/154; 600/595 |
Intern'l Class: | A61B 005/103 |
Field of Search: | 128/774,779,781,782,653 378/41,42,147,148,154,155,174-176,179,190,192,99,177,195,208 357/111 |
1551162 | Aug., 1925 | Loebell | 378/154. |
2552592 | May., 1951 | Rush | 378/208. |
2739257 | Mar., 1956 | Sheldon | 358/111. |
2760077 | Aug., 1956 | Longini | 378/154. |
2824970 | Feb., 1958 | Ledin | 378/154. |
3091692 | May., 1963 | Verse | 250/61. |
3675012 | Jul., 1972 | Derderian et al. | 250/60. |
3769507 | Oct., 1973 | Kenney et al. | 250/52. |
4039841 | Aug., 1977 | Leighley | 378/154. |
4101961 | Jul., 1978 | Reiber | 128/653. |
4182316 | Jan., 1980 | Nilsson et al. | 128/665. |
4209706 | Jun., 1980 | Nunan | 250/490. |
4245244 | Jan., 1981 | Lijewski et al. | 358/111. |
4295473 | Oct., 1981 | Diamond et al. | 178/695. |
4383328 | May., 1983 | Kurihara et al. | 378/42. |
4393402 | Jul., 1983 | Keyes et al. | 378/99. |
4416293 | Nov., 1983 | Anderson et al. | 128/782. |
4437161 | Mar., 1984 | Anderson | 364/414. |
4450478 | May., 1984 | Ledley | 358/111. |
4458267 | Jul., 1984 | Dolazza | 358/111. |
4483342 | Oct., 1984 | Pfeifer | 128/653. |
4532546 | Jul., 1985 | Aufiero et al. | 358/111. |
4533947 | Aug., 1985 | Smith | 358/111. |
4538227 | Aug., 1985 | Toraichi et al. | 364/414. |
4549555 | Oct., 1985 | Fraser et al. | 128/782. |
4563701 | Jan., 1986 | Gilath et al. | 358/111. |
4577222 | Mar., 1986 | Kruger et al. | 358/111. |
4598368 | Jul., 1986 | Umemura | 364/414. |
4600012 | Jul., 1986 | Kohayakawa et al. | 128/665. |
4616319 | Oct., 1986 | Peters et al. | 364/414. |
4631676 | Dec., 1986 | Pugh | 364/413. |
4655227 | Apr., 1987 | Gracovetsky | 128/781. |
4674107 | Jun., 1987 | Urban et al. | 378/98. |
4845747 | Jul., 1989 | Koike et al. | 378/208. |
4858126 | Aug., 1989 | Croce, Jr. | 128/774. |
4937859 | Jun., 1990 | Hubert et al. | 378/154. |
Foreign Patent Documents | |||
0245098 | Nov., 1987 | EP | 128/781. |
0145492 | Dec., 1978 | JP | 128/653. |
0772529 | Oct., 1980 | SU | 128/781. |
0882516 | Nov., 1981 | SU | 128/633. |
1191064 | Nov., 1985 | SU | 128/779. |
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